1/12. Defects of the external auditory canal: a new reconstruction technique.This report describes the clinical and radiographic findings together with surgical management of temporomandibular joint contents herniation through the tympanic plate of the external auditory canal. Two patients are reported. A review of the literature is presented, including a brief discussion of the embryological development of the external auditory canal. Excluding infection, trauma or neoplasm, the defect in the tympanic plate of the external auditory canal represents a developmental aberration with failure of the foramen of Huschke to close during development. A pre-auricular approach with insertion and fixation of an onlay polyethylene implant to prevent prolapse of the peri-articular tissues into the ear canal is presented and described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Fibrocartilaginous embolism--an uncommon cause of spinal cord infarction: a case report and review of the literature.Fibrocartilaginous embolism is a rare cause of spinal cord infarction. It is postulated that an acute vertical disk herniation of the nucleus pulposus material can lead to spinal cord infarction by a retrograde embolization to the central artery. An increased intradiskal pressure resulting from axial loading of the vertebral column with a concomitant valsalva maneuver is thought to be the initiating event for the embolus. We present a previously healthy 16-year-old boy with sudden onset of back pain and progressive paraparesis within 36 hours after lifting exercises in a squat position. His clinical presentation and neuroimaging studies were consistent with spinal cord infarction resulting from a central artery embolus at the T8 spinal cord level. Laboratory investigation showed no evidence of infectious, autoimmune, inflammatory, or neoplastic causes. Although no histologic confirmation was obtained, lack of evidence for other plausible diagnoses in the setting of his clinical presentation and in the magnetic resonance imaging findings made fibrocartilaginous embolism myelopathy the most likely diagnosis. We postulated that some cases of transverse myelitis might actually be fibrocartilaginous embolism, making it a more prevalent cause of an acute myelopathy than commonly recognized. Relevant literature and current theories regarding the pathogenesis of fibrocartilaginous embolism myelopathy are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. colostomy prolapse and hernia following window colostomy in congenital pouch colon.Congenital pouch colon, a variant of anorectal malformation, is a rare anomaly with a high incidence in North india and although the anatomy and diagnostic features have been well described, the surgical treatment continues to be challenging. This report describes the complications following a less preferred but often practised surgical option-a temporizing window colostomy in three babies. A window colostomy predisposes to prolapse of the entire pouch colon with herniation of bowel loops, intestinal obstruction and failure to thrive. Depending on the state of the child, either a proximal diverting stoma or tubularization of the pouch with a terminal stoma is recommended as the procedure of choice for the initial surgical management of this complex and rare malformation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. epiretinal membrane contracture associated with macular prolapse.We treated two patients with annular epiretinal membranes that produced unusual macular morphologic characteristics. contracture of the membranes caused herniation of macular tissue through a hole in the center of the membrane. The membranes were removed surgically, and ultrastructural analysis disclosed cells with properties resembling myofibroblasts and apparent new vitreous collagen. contracture of the cellular components probably produced tangential traction on the retina, which caused prolapse of the retinal tissue through a central defect in the membrane.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Massive scrotal herniation of bladder with torsion of trigone.We report on a patient with massive scrotal herniation of the bladder, scrotal cystocele, including and causing partial torsion of the trigone. The incidence and etiology of scrotal herniation are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Chronic bladder herniation associated with pubic diastasis.We present a case report of chronic bladder herniation following a vertical abdominal incision in a patient with a long-standing post-traumatic pubic diastasis. Fascial repair was successful after the defect was bridged with a cortical bone graft to supply anchorage for the repair. A successful fascial repair seemed to be contingent upon reestablishment of a competent anterior pelvic ring.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Prolapsed vesicostomy results in a strangulated bowel herniation: a rare complication of cutaneous vesicostomy.A 3-year-old girl presented with a prolapsed cutaneous vesicostomy, and symptoms and signs of acute intestinal obstruction. The vesicostomy had been performed when she was 19 months old for bilateral vesicoureteral reflux. Postoperatively, prolapse of the bladder from the stoma occurred almost daily. The prolapsed part retracted naturally when the patient was relaxed and reclining. intestinal obstruction was due to strangulated herniation of the bowel into the prolapsed bladder via the stoma of vesicostomy. Treatment consisted of manual reduction and the stoma of the vesicostomy was revised with the patient under general anesthesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Epidural herniation of the cerebral tissue in a burned body: a case report.A case in which herniation of the cerebral tissue was seen in the epidural space of a burned body is reported. The dead, burned body of an 8-year-old female was found in her burnt-out house. Externally, the body (except the back) was burned to the third or fourth degree, although there was no injury, specifically no skull fracture due to a mechanical force. Internally, much soot deposit was observed in the trachea, main bronchi and peripheral bronchioles. A 9.5 cm x 6.0 cm, thermo-coagulated, yellowish-white mass was unexpectedly found lying on the dura mater of the left temporal lobe. Histologically, H&E stain showed that the mass was thermo-coagulated cerebral tissue, although neither intra-cerebral haemorrhage nor cerebral contusion was found. The carboxyhaemoglobin (CO-Hb) concentration in the intracardiac blood was 83%. The cause of her death was diagnosed as death due to fire, based on the autopsy findings described above and the high CO-Hb concentration value. Therefore, the unexpected entry of the cerebral tissue into the epidural space was considered to be one of the morphological changes due to the local action of heat; the authors propose that such a postmortem change should be called 'heat brain herniation'.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. Vaginal vault evisceration after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.BACKGROUND: Vaginal vault rupture with intestinal herniation, although rare, is a recognized postoperative complication of vaginal and abdominal hysterectomies. The incidence after laparoscopic hysterectomy is unknown. CASES: Three women, ages 40-43 years, presented to the emergency room with bleeding and pain 2-5 months after total laparoscopic hysterectomy. The small bowel was visible through the introitus or protruding into the vagina. Inspection of the bowel revealed no evidence of trauma. Two vaginal cuff repairs were completed transvaginally and one laparoscopically, all with interrupted sutures of no. 0 polydioxanone or polyglactin. In follow-up period of 12-17 months, the patients were doing well. CONCLUSION: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy may be associated with an increased risk of vaginal vault evisceration. Because laparoscopy increasingly is used to replace abdominal hysterectomy, it is important to be aware of this complication and its management.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Herniation of the spinal cord 38 years after childhood trauma.We report an unusual post-traumatic spinal cord herniation, which became symptomatic 38 years after the trauma. A 44-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of increasing impotence, neuropathic bladder dysfunction and dissociated sensory loss below the level of T6. At the age of 6 years he had a severe blunt spinal injury with transient paraparesis. MRI revealed right lateral and ventral displacement of the spinal cord at the T5/6 level. The spinal cord was surgically exposed and found to herniate through a ventral defect of the arachnoid membrane and the dura mater. As there were no other events that could have precipitated spinal cord herniation the reported blunt trauma in childhood is the most likely cause for the spinal cord herniation in this patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = herniation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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