1/19. Cilioretinal artery occlusion with central retinal vein occlusion.BACKGROUND: Combined cilioretinal artery and retinal vein occlusions are infrequently documented retinal vascular disorders of speculative origin. Occlusion of the cilioretinal artery is believed to result from either mechanical compression of the artery as a result of an increase in venous pressure or from a reduction in perfusion pressure in both the cilioretinal and retinal arteries. The ophthalmoscopic and angiographic features of this condition are reviewed. case reports: Two cases of cilioretinal artery occlusion after central retinal vein occlusion are presented, one of which evolved to the development of iris neovascularization. DISCUSSION: The incidence of cilioretinal artery occlusions due to central retinal vein occlusions is infrequently reported in the literature. Excluding those with chronic cystoid macular edema, most patients have a favorable visual outcome. It is possible that the incidence of combined cilioretinal artery and central retinal vein occlusions is grossly underestimated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/19. Central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.PURPOSE: To describe the occurrence of central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. methods: Case report. RESULTS: A 52-year-old woman developed central retinal vein occlusion in the acute phase of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, followed by iris neovascularization only 1 month after the onset of central retinal vein occlusion. color Doppler imaging of the affected eye showed an increased resistive index of the central retinal artery and reduced blood flow velocity of the central retinal vein compared to the fellow eye. CONCLUSION: We describe a rare association between central retinal vein occlusion and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with rapid evolution of iris neovascularization. Our case demonstrates that close ophthalmologic attention is important in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/19. Benefits and complications of photodynamic therapy of papillary capillary hemangiomas.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential benefit and risks of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of papillary capillary hemangioma. DESIGN: Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Five patients with solitary capillary hemangioma on the temporal portion of the optic nerve presenting with exudative decompensation and decrease in visual acuity (VA). methods: All eyes received a standardized PDT treatment with 6 mg/kg body surface area verteporfin and application of 100 J/cm(2) light at 692 nm. One to three PDT courses were performed until resolution of exudation was achieved. A continuous follow-up was provided with documentation 1 week before and at 4 to 6 weeks, 3 months, and 12 months after the last treatment application. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Functional parameters included best-refracted VA (Early Treatment diabetic retinopathy Study), and central scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) scotometry and peripheral (automated perimetry) visual fields; anatomic parameters were presence of retinal edema or serous detachment (ophthalmoscopy) and tumor size (ultrasonography). RESULTS: Pretreatment VA levels ranged from 20/40 to 20/800; posttreatment levels ranged from 20/64 to 20/2000. Tumor regression with resolution of macular exudate and serous retinal detachment was obtained in all eyes. A decline in VA of 1, 3, and 10 lines, respectively, was documented in three patients. Complications included transient decompensation of vascular permeability, occlusion of retinal vessels, and ischemia of the optic nerve. CONCLUSIONS: PDT is successful in reducing tumor size and exudative activity. Vaso-occlusive effects at the level of the retina and optic nerve compromise the functional benefit. Parameters proven safe in choroidal neovascularization may be inappropriate in retinal capillary lesions of the optic nerve.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/19. Unilateral retinal vasculitis, branch retinal artery occlusion and subsequent retinal neovascularization in Crohn's disease.PURPOSE: To report on a case of Crohn's disease and unilateral retinal vasculitis, branch retinal artery occlusion and subsequent retinal neovascularization. methods: We examined a 38-year-old woman with severe left visual loss and biopsy-proven Crohn's disease diagnosed four years prior to the ocular involvement. A Heidelberg scanning laser ophthalmoscope was used for fundus fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. retinal neovascularization was detected during the follow-up. RESULTS: Successful regression of retinal neovascularization was achieved after argon green laser panretinal photocoagulation in addition to oral steroid and salazopyrine. CONCLUSION: Retinal vascular involvement is a rare ocular feature of Crohn's disease and may result in retinal neovascularization that may necessitate prompt laser photocoagulation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 44.014899311851keywords = retinal neovascularization, neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/19. review of severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment.PURPOSE: To discuss the pathogenesis of severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the association with antiphospholipid antibodies, and its implications for management and prognosis. methods: An illustrative case history of a woman with SLE and severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is presented. A literature review of previously reported cases and previously published data on the topic was performed and forms the basis for discussion. RESULTS: This is a rare form of retinopathy in SLE as distinct from the more common, benign form, being classically a microangiopathy with diffuse capillary non-perfusion and small arterial or arteriolar occlusions in the retina. Poor visual outcomes with visual loss are reported in 80% of cases with neovascularization occurring in 40% of cases. It is associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, typically characterized by microthrombosis and immune complex mediated vasculopathy rather than a true vasculitis. There is a strong association between this severe form of retinopathy and central nervous system manifestations of SLE. Anticoagulation has a role in the secondary prevention of thrombosis in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, but the role of aspirin and immunosuppression is unclear in the treatment of this condition. Vigilant ophthalmic follow up and aggressive treatment of neovascularization and vitreous haemorrhage can prevent further visual loss. These points are highlighted in the brief case report presented. CONCLUSION: Severe vaso-occlusive retinopathy is a rare form of retinopathy in SLE often associated with poor visual prognosis and neovascularization. It may be a manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Treatment is aimed at preventing further thrombosis and complications arising from neovascularization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/19. Neovascular glaucoma after branch retinal artery occlusion.BACKGROUND: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) occurring after branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) might not be as rare as previously thought. We report a case of unilateral NVG after BRAO. CASE: A 72-year-old man with chronic heart failure suffered from BRAO in the left eye. Funduscopic examination showed retinal edema and many cotton wool spots in the superotemporal retina. OBSERVATIONS: Five weeks later, he had increased blurring of vision due to a second BRAO in the inferotemporal retina of the left eye. Three days later, he felt pain and had severe visual loss in the left eye. In the presence of angle neovascularization, intraocular pressure (IOP) in the left eye rose to 35 mmHg. Immediate focal photocoagulation to the affected retina diminished the neovascularization and lowered the IOP. CONCLUSION: It is possible for NVG to occur as a complication of BRAO.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/19. iris neovascularization after central retinal artery obstruction despite previous panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy.Five consecutive patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy who were treated successfully with panretinal photocoagulation subsequently developed a central retinal artery obstruction. iris neovascularization developed in the affected eye within one to three months after the obstruction in four of the five patients despite the previous laser treatment. Additional retinal ischemia, as occurs in central retinal artery obstruction, appears to promote marked iris neovascularization in a large percentage of patients, even when successful photocoagulation for proliferative retinopathy has been previously administered.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/19. Combined branch retinal artery and central retinal vein obstruction.We observed seven patients with the unusual combination of a central retinal vein obstruction in conjunction with a simultaneous branch retinal artery obstruction. The patients presented with sectoral retinal whitening, as well as diffuse peripapillary and superficial retinal hemorrhages. In five of the seven patients, the retinal hemorrhages appeared most florid in the territory of the obstructed arteriole, resulting initially in the consideration that these cases represented a combined branch retinal artery and branch retinal vein obstruction. In all cases, however, the presence of dilated, tortuous veins with diffuse retinal hemorrhages, in addition to generalized delay in arteriovenous transit on fluorescein angiography, localized the venous blockage to the central retinal vein. No intra-arterial retinal emboli were visualized. Initially, five of the seven patients suffered markedly diminished visual function; although visual acuity returned to near normal in all but two patients. In the two patients with non-resolving, markedly impaired visual acuity, neovascularization of the iris complicated the clinical course. Both of these patients were treated with panretinal photocoagulation, with resolution of the iris neovascularization. These seven patients highlight another variation of combined arterial and venous retinal vascular disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/19. Bilateral CRAO and CRVO from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: OCT findings and treatment with triamcinolone acetonide and bevacizumab.A patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to adult-onset Still's disease presented with bilateral combined central retinal artery occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion, a rare complication reported only once before. Fundus appearance and fluorescein angiography were similar to the previous case. Optical coherence tomography findings demonstrated aspects consistent with both central retinal artery occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion. Treatment of one eye with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) was not effective in improving visual acuity. Treatment of both eyes with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) and panretinal photocoagulation was effective in eliminating iris neovascularization, although the patient lost all visual function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/19. Thermal papillitis after dye red photocoagulation of a peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane.Thermal papillitis is a previously unrecognized complication of photocoagulation for peripapillary choroidal neovascularization. This report describes a patient in whom transient thermal papillitis, choroidal ischemia, and two small branch retinal arteriolar occlusions developed after dye red photocoagulation of an idiopathic peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = neovascularization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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