1/66. MR imaging of intraventricular silicone: case report.A 42-year-old man with human immunodeficiency viral infection developed cytomegaloviral retinitis that was complicated by retinal detachment and was treated with an intravitreous injection of silicone. Fifteen months later, magnetic resonance imaging revealed intraocular and intraventricular silicone. Signal intensity characteristics and chemical shifts of silicone in the two locations were identical.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/66. Surgical repair of cytomegalovirus-related retinal detachment without silicone oil in patients with AIDS.PURPOSE: To analyze visual and anatomic results following surgical repair of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related retinal detachment (RD) without silicone oil permanent tamponade. methods: We analyzed five consecutive patients (six eyes) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and CMV-related RD that were repaired with pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the posterior hyaloid, laser photocoagulation, encircling scleral buckle, and intraocular gas tamponade. RESULTS: Preoperative vision ranged from 20/40 to hand motion. Total retinal reattachment was achieved in five of six eyes (83%). Macular reattachment was achieved in all eyes. Mean postoperative visual acuity was 20/40 (range 20/30-20/60). Mean postoperative follow-up was 12 months (range 7-19 months). All patients in this series presented with low preoperative CD4 T-lymphocyte counts (mean, 24 cells per microL) and received highly active antiretroviral therapy. One retina (Patient 1) redetached 7 months after initial repair and was successfully reattached without using silicone oil. Postoperatively, visual acuity remains 20/30, and total retinal reattachment has been maintained for 16 months. CONCLUSION: Good anatomic and visual success can be achieved and maintained in CMV-related RD without the use of silicone oil.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.18385415820687keywords = cytomegalovirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/66. Tuberculous neuroretinitis.OBJECTIVES: To describe a patient with tuberculous neuroretinitis. MATERIALS AND methods: Retrospective case report. RESULTS: We describe a 43-year-old otherwise asymptomatic woman with a known exposure to tuberculosis who had unilateral optic disc edema and a partial macular star (neuroretinitis). This was followed approximately 1 year later by the development of an exudative retinal detachment in the setting of bilateral multifocal choroiditis. Laboratory testing revealed a marked positive cutaneous reaction to purified protein derivative (PPD). Treatment with antituberculosis medicine alone resulted in prompt resolution of the choroidal infiltrates and complete flattening of the exudative detachment. CONCLUSIONS: tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients with neuroretinitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/66. Removal of silicone oil with vision improvement after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS.PURPOSE: To report that silicone oil may be safely removed from immuno-recovered patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) after instillation for cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHOD: We report two patients with CMV-related retinal detachment who had previously been treated with vitrectomy and silicone oil. RESULTS: Six months after removal of silicone oil, the retina remained attached in both patients. Without specific anti-CMV therapy, there was no relapse of CMV retinitis while patients were undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy. Best-corrected visual acuity improved in both patients. CONCLUSION: It appears to be possible to remove silicone oil safely from patients with AIDS who show immune recovery, thus avoiding side effects of long-standing silicone oil and increasing quality of life. After silicone oil removal, visual acuity was improved.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.0367708316414keywords = retinitis, cytomegalovirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/66. Retrobulbar optic neuritis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a fourteen-year-old girl with retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento.A 14-year-old girl complained of a sudden decrease in right visual acuity. The patient had night blindness, a mottled retina but no pigments, extinguished scotopic electroretinographic response, central scotoma in the right eye and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. She had initially received laser photocoagulation around the retinal tear and then corticosteroid therapy, cryoretinopexy and segmental buckling. Her right visual acuity increased to 1.0. The association of retinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento, retrobulbar optic neuritis and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, as demonstrated in our patient, may be uncommon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/66. Silicone oil emulsification of the retinal surface.A 35-year-old patient with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) underwent pars plana vitrectomy and fluid-gas-silicone exchange for retinal detachment. Three weeks following surgery and additional laser photocoagulation, extensive retinal surface emulsification was noted. It masked the retinal surface and demonstrated shifting in subsequent examinations. This case stresses the importance of careful and close follow-up after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. Silicone oil emulsification may in some cases require removal of the emulsified fluid or silicone oil exchange, but in others such as our case, shifting of the emulsified silicone oil may allow evaluation of the nonobscured retina.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0367708316414keywords = retinitis, cytomegalovirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/66. Exudative retinal detachment and retinitis associated with acquired syphilitic uveitis.PURPOSE: To describe three cases of exudative retinal detachment and focal retinitis associated with acquired syphilitic uveitis. methods: Three patients who were referred for evaluation of uveitis were examined. Slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, B-scan ultrasonography, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography were performed before and after therapy. RESULTS: Each patient had uveitis with exudative retinal detachment, periphlebitis, and focal retinitis. Laboratory testing (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) revealed positive serology for active syphilis in all cases. Human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing was negative in all patients. retinal detachment resolved in all cases after treatment with intravenous penicillin. Despite resolution of subretinal fluid, visual acuity remained poor in eyes in which the macula was detached. CONCLUSION: syphilis is a cause of exudative retinal detachment. Antibiotic therapy can lead to retinal reattachment. Early recognition and treatment may prevent severe vision loss.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/66. Migration of silicone oil into the brain: a complication of intraocular silicone oil for retinal tamponade.PURPOSE: To report a case in which intravitreal silicone oil migrated along the intracranial portion of the optic nerve and into the lateral ventricles of the brain after the repair of a retinal detachment secondary to cytomegalovirus retinitis. methods: A 42-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in his left eye secondary to a cytomegalovirus infection of the retina. The detachment was repaired using 5000 cs intraocular silicone oil for a long-term tamponade. Subsequently, the affected eye developed glaucoma, which was poorly controlled. Fifteen months after the retinal surgery, he developed a peripheral neuropathy that was thought to be AIDS related. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head were performed to investigate the neuropathy. RESULTS: The patient was found to have a foreign substance within his lateral ventricles that shifted with position and was identical with respect to its imaging properties to the remaining intraocular silicone oil. Additional material was found along the intracranial portion of his optic nerve. CONCLUSION: Under certain circumstances, intraocular silicone oil may migrate out of the eye, along the intracranial portion of the optic nerve, and into the lateral ventricles of the brain.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5656334778932keywords = cytomegalovirus retinitis, retinitis, cytomegalovirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/66. serum methanol levels in subjects with or without optic nerve head disease.We evaluated serum methanol levels in subjects with or without optic nerve head disease. serum methanol levels were determined using gas chromatography in 71 patients with optic nerve head disease and in 127 subjects without optic nerve head disease. Their ages ranged from 17 to 89 years. serum methanol levels in 127 subjects without optic nerve head disease ranged from 0.12 to 3.86 microg/ml (mean /- standard deviation, 1.72 /- 0.86 microg/ml). In the subjects without optic nerve head disease, the differences in the levels between those with cataract versus retinal detachment, men versus women, and between each age-group (50-80 years) were not significant. The methanol levels in patients with optic neuritis (n = 2), wolfram syndrome (n = 1), Leber hereditary optic neuropathy at the late stage (n = 2), retinitis pigmentosa (n = 23), and primary open-angle glaucoma (n = 16) were less than 3.86 microg/ml. methanol levels in 1 patient with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy at the acute stage was 5.28 microg/ml. Of 10 patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma, 1 had a slightly elevated level and 9 had levels less than 3.86 microg/ml. Of 17 patients with normal tension glaucoma, 5 had methanol levels higher than 3.86 microg/ml, and 12 patients had levels less than 3.86 microg/ml. The present study shows that serum methanol levels in subjects without optic nerve head disease ranged from 0.12 to 3.86 microg/ml and were much lower than the levels that produce acute ocular symptoms of methanol intoxication. It is possible that high serum methanol levels may play a part in the acute stage of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and normal tension glaucoma in certain patients. It is unlikely that increased serum methanol levels participate in primary angle-closure glaucoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/66. optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment: an early sign of systemic bartonella henselae infection.PURPOSE: To describe optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment as an early sign of systemic bartonella henselae infection. methods: Multicentered, retrospective case series. RESULTS: Five women and two men presented with optic disk edema producing peripapillary serous retinal detachment. Each patient had a markedly elevated serum anti-B. henselae antibody titer. Patient age ranged from 11 to 44 years, with a mean and median of 26.6 and 28 years, respectively. The time from the onset of systemic symptoms to the onset of visual symptoms varied from 3 days to 1 month. The peripapillary serous retinal detachment resolved within 1 to 3 weeks in each case, producing a macular star in four of seven patients. Initial vision was 20/200 or worse in five of seven patients and improved in four of these five patients to 20/30 or better. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic B. henselae infection should be considered in patients who develop optic disk edema associated with a peripapillary serous retinal detachment, even in the absence of classic neuroretinitis with a macular star.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = retinitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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