1/4. A case of pregnancy complicated by the development of a tubo-ovarian abscess following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.Tubo-ovarian abscess is an uncommon complication in pregnant women. In this report, we present a patient who developed a tubo-ovarian abscess during pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics she delivered at 22 weeks of gestation. After delivery, she underwent a left salpingo-oophorectomy. review of the literature revealed only 26 reported cases of tubo-ovarian or pelvic abscess during pregnancy. pelvic inflammatory disease, previous laparotomy, and structural genital anomalies are known risk factors for pelvic abscess during pregnancy. Pelvic abscess resulting as a complication of vaginal oocyte retrieval has been reported. Therefore, although enabling women with organic pelvic disease such as endometriosis and hydrosalpinx to achieve pregnancy, assisted reproductive techniques may potentially result in pelvic infection during pregnancy. This case suggests that a preconception evaluation and treatment for such conditions should be considered for women undergoing treatment for infertility.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. Simultaneous ectopic pregnancy with intra-uterine gestation after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.A case of combined intra-uterine and tubal ectopic pregnancy is described following in vitro fertilization and the transfer of two four-cell and one two-cell embryos. This phenomenon is known to be related to ovarian stimulation by gonadotropin therapy, and there is an increased risk with tubal disease. Techniques applied at the time of embryo transfer, the use of culture medium with 50% fetal cord serum to convey the embryos to the uterus, the catheterization method, and the position of the patient during transfer are presented. The risk of multiple pregnancies and combined intra-uterine and ectopic gestations increases with numbers of transfers and large volume of transfer medium. We would therefore recommend that after IVF-ET treatment in women with tubal disease, intensive care should be taken in the early follow-up period to rule out the possibility of ectopic pregnancy. In this case, a viable ongoing intra-uterine pregnancy was confirmed after surgery for right ampullary ectopic pregnancy. And a 2,925 g male in excellent condition was delivered by cesarean section without complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Benign glandular inclusions in lymph nodes, endosalpingiosis, and salpingitis isthmica nodosa in a young girl with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cervix.A 12-year-old girl underwent radical surgery for clear cell adenocarcinoma of the endocervix. Bilaterally dilated fallopian tubes with hyperplastic mucosal folds and salpingitis isthmica nodosa were found in association with benign glandular inclusions in a para-aortic lymph node and in the serosa of pelvic organs. Changes in the mullerian-derived epithelium appear to be a common denominator of these unusual lesions in this young girl. A primary growth disturbance of the cells of the mullerian system, which was conditioned during embryonic development and manifested itself later in life in response to appropriate stimuli associated with menarche, is postulated as the underlying abnormality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. salpingitis or oophoritis: what causes fever following oocyte aspiration and embryo transfer?BACKGROUND: Febrile morbidity following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is a rare but possibly serious complication. This report describes a case of salpingitis after IVF-ET and discusses the possible reasons for febrile morbidity following this common procedure. CASE: A 37-year-old woman undergoing IVF-ET for tubal factor infertility developed sudden, severe pelvic pain, fever, and leukocytosis 24 hours after ET. laparoscopy revealed bilateral suppurative pyosalpinges with cystic, hemorrhagic ovaries. Pain, fever, and leukocytosis resolved with conservative surgery and intravenous antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This case presents laparoscopic documentation of a rare complication of oocyte aspiration and/or ET, namely, salpingitis. Possibilities for the development of salpingitis following IVF-ET include activation of quiescent bacteria within the fallopian tubes from a previous pelvic infection, puncture of the bowel during oocyte aspiration, inoculation of the pelvis with cervicovaginal flora during oocyte aspiration, and introduction of bacteria-laden secretions or air into the fallopian tubes during ET. Although rare, the possibility of severe pelvic infection following IVF-ET warrants consideration of prophylactic antibiotic coverage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = embryo (Clic here for more details about this article) |