1/27. Lipodermatosclerosis - report of three cases and review of the literature.We report 3 cases of lipodermatosclerosis (LDS) and discuss the nosology of similar disorders caused by venous insufficiency of the legs. These cases are characterized by (1) occurrence in middle-aged or aged woman, (2) painful, indurated erythema with hyperpigmented scleroderma-like hardening on the lower leg, (3) lobular panniculitis with membranocystic fat necrosis and various degrees of septal fibrosis. Although the designation LDS has been used particularly in the UK and in the USA, this entity is not familiar in other countries including japan. LDS clinically represents a wide spectrum from an acute, inflammatory phase to a chronic, fibrotic state. The clinicopathologic findings of LDS are similar or identical to the disease previously reported as chronic indurated cellulitis, hypodermitis sclerodermiformis, stasis panniculitis or sclerosing panniculitis. These diseases are probably related conditions, which depend upon the various stages.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/27. Hemimasticatory spasm associated with localized scleroderma and facial hemiatrophy.OBJECTIVES: To report a case and discuss the mechanism of hemimasticatory spasm. DESIGN: Case report. PATIENT: A 37-year-old woman had a 3-year history of involuntary spasms of the right masseter muscle in association with localized scleroderma and facial hemiatrophy. Electrophysiological studies revealed a normal blink reflex. However, the masseter reflex and silent period were absent on the affected side. Distal latency and compound muscle action potential of the masseter nerve were normal. Needle electromyography demonstrated irregular bursts of motor unit potentials similar to those described in hemifacial spasm. A magnetic resonance imaging scan of the head showed mild hypertrophy of the masseter muscle and atrophy of subcutaneous fatty tissues on the affected side. Local injection of botulinum toxin A into the masseter muscle resolved the patient's symptoms. CONCLUSION: On the basis of clinical and electrophysiological findings, focal demyelination of motor branches of the trigeminal nerve owing to deep tissue changes is suggested as the cause of abnormal excitatory electrical activities resulting in involuntary masticatory movement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 300.61245949409keywords = subcutaneous fat, fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/27. Successful correction of depressed scars of the forehead secondary to trauma and morphea en coup de sabre by en bloc autologous dermal fat graft.BACKGROUND: Atrophic scars of the forehead can result from various pathologic processes including morphea en coup de sabre as well as trauma. A variety of surgical techniques can be used to correct these atrophic scars. OBJECTIVE: Soft tissue augmentation for correction of atrophic scars of the forehead using en bloc autologous dermal fat graft. methods: Use of en bloc autologous dermal fat graft harvested from the hip and inserted into a pocket created under the atrophic scar in two patients with depressed scars of the forehead. RESULTS: Overcorrection of the scars with en bloc autologous dermal fat grafts resulted in the treated areas becoming level with the adjacent skin within 3 months. Follow-up for a period of 12 months showed a perfectly level and stable graft with no further resorption. CONCLUSION: En bloc autologous dermal fat grafting appears to be a safe technique that provides excellent cosmetic results for the correction of small to medium depressed scars of the forehead.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/27. Development of histologic features of scleroderma in congenital lesions.BACKGROUND: Localized scleroderma has been reported after radiation therapy, but has never been reported to occur at the site of a congenital lesion. CASE REPORT: We present two patients, both with family histories of autoimmune disease, who reported unilateral hypopigmented areas on the trunk since birth. The areas remained asymptomatic and grew with the patients until adulthood when the areas became indurated then firm and showed hyperpigmentation. histology: Histologically, both lesions showed features of localized scleroderma with diffuse sclerosis of collagen and loss of periadnexal fat. There was a perivascular lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate with occasional eosinophils extending into the subcutaneous fat predominantly along fat septae, and diffuse loss of CD34 stromal cell populations within the lesions. CONCLUSION: We propose that somatic mutations affecting vessels may predispose to increased endothelial cell apoptosis. This could lead to the development of an autoimmune response in some individuals, and the areas of localized scleroderma may be markers of susceptibility to autoimmune disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 302.61245949409keywords = subcutaneous fat, fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/27. Localized scleroderma of the breast.We report a 44-year-old patient with right-breast morphea. mammography, MRI and needle biopsy were used for assessment of the case. mammography demonstrated thickening of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue. The MRI showed replacement of the subcutaneous and breast fat by a low signal intensity, non-enhancing tissue. skin biopsy confirmed the histological features of scleroderma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/27. Unilateral generalized morphea in childhood.We report a 6-year-old boy with unilateral generalized morphea distributing on the right side of his lower leg, trunk, and upper arm. A skin biopsy from the right thigh showed accumulation of thick collagen bundles extending from the middle dermis to the subcutaneous fat tissue. The levels of antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, and anti single-stranded dna antibody were elevated. No severe deformity or functional disabilities were noted. With topical corticosteroid therapy, the sclerotic skin became gradually softer, and no progression of sclerosis has been noted for one year.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 300.61245949409keywords = subcutaneous fat, fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/27. Progressive facial hemiatrophy: report of five cases and biochemical analysis of connective tissue.Five cases of progressive facial hemiatrophy (PFH) are reported. A nonindurated depression on normal-colored skin was observed in the cheeks of 3 subjects, and 2 patients showed indurated, pigmented atrophic lesions associated with linear scleroderma or generalized morphea. Lipoatrophy with mild subcutaneous fibrosis was observed histologically in the patients with nonindurated depressions. In contrast, the patients with indurated lesions exhibited a marked dermal fibrosis and the disappearance of appendices in the dermis. When compared with unaffected skin used as a control, collagen and glycosaminoglycan contents were not different in diseased areas. However, the dermatan sulfate/hyaluronic acid ratio was increased 1.5- to 3.2-fold in PFH patients regardless of their clinical and histological differences. These results suggest that both types of PFH may be based on a similar connective tissue disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/27. Vitamin B12-associated localized scleroderma and its treatment.BACKGROUND: Localized drug-induced injection site reactions are rare. Injection site sclerodermoid reactions have been reported as a result of multiple drugs, most commonly vitamin k. Sclerodermoid injection site reactions have also been reported with pentazocine, progestin, and vitamin B12. Little has been written on the efficacious treatment of this complication. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to raise awareness of the potential complication of localized sclerodermoid change secondary to vitamin B12 injections and to present a novel approach to its treatment. methods: We report a case and review the English literature for injection site reactions from vitamin B12 as well as treatment options for this complication. RESULTS: We report the first non-European case of localized sclerodermoid reaction secondary to vitamin B12 injections. Our patient presented with disfiguring depression of the left upper arm following vitamin B12 injections for macrocytic anemia secondary to Crohn's disease. Histopathology showed findings similar to those seen in localized scleroderma. The patient was successfully treated with excision of diseased skin, local fat transfer, and complex repair with dramatic improvement at 5 months in contour and overall appearance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/27. Parry-Romberg syndrome with fatal brain stem involvement.We report the case of a 4 year-old boy with Parry-Romberg syndrome who had intractable seizures, progressive cerebral hemisphere atrophy, and fatal brain stem involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/27. Unilateral linear pansclerotic morphea affecting face and limbs.Disabling pansclerotic morphea is a rare atrophying and sclerosing disorder of the subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone. It is characterized by atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle and bone involving half of the face. In some patients the atrophic lesions extend to involve the ipsilateral or contralateral upper and lower limbs with radiological evidence of hemiatrophy. The patients may present with arthralgia, convulsions or cramps. We report a case of a woman with deformity of face, and left upper and lower limbs that had started as an indurated plaque on the left half of forehead at the age of 5 years and had gradually enlarged, followed by the development of atrophic changes in left eye. The case is being reported in view of its rare occurrence.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 300.61245949409keywords = subcutaneous fat, fat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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