11/269. Carotid rete mirabile presenting subarachnoid haemorrhage. Report Of two cases.Carotid rete mirabile (CRM) consists of arterial channels between the internal and external carotid arteries in some lower mammals. It is a very rare pathological condition in humans. We report two patients who presented with clinical signs of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Their sudden-onset SAH was thought to have been due to rupture of cerebral aneurysms, however, angiograms revealed an abnormal vascular network around the cavernous sinus. To our knowledge, 2 of 7 reported patients with CRM presented with SAH, however, only one of these patients had a probable cerebral aneurysm. We suggest that in patients with CRM, the rupture of anastomosing vessels be a probable cause of SAH.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/269. Ruptured aneurysm at the trunk of the accessory middle cerebral artery.We present a 32-year-old woman with intracranial haemorrhage due to rupture of a saccular aneurysm arising from the trunk of an accessory middle cerebral artery. This is the first report of an aneurysm arising distally to the anomalous vessel's origin from the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/269. Beneficial effect of piracetam monotherapy on post-ischaemic palatal myoclonus.A 70-year-old hypertensive woman suffered a subarachnoid haemorrhage followed by delayed vasospasm in the basal cerebral arteries. This resulted in multiple ischaemic lesions in the right middle cerebral artery region and contralateral post-ischaemic palatal myoclonus. In this setting, piracetam administered in high doses (24-36 g/day), abolished the myoclonus observed in this patient. Although there is evidence from case reports and clinical trials of the therapeutic efficacy of piracetam in patients with skeletal myoclonus of various causes, to our knowledge this is the first report indicating the beneficial effect of piracetam monotherapy on post-ischaemic palatal myoclonus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/269. Traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage: a 10-year case study and review.Fourteen cases of traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (TSAH) from the years 1985-1995 are described. Two of these cases, one paediatric and one involving controlled substances, are considered separately. All 14 cases are then discussed together with the current literature with respect to: typical subject, the circumstances and aetiology of injury, time interval between injury and collapse; time of survival, the role of alcohol, the site of arterial rupture, and the methods recommended by other authors for the location of such an injury. We conclude that TSAH is a poorly understood cause of sudden death; fuller research is needed to clarify aetiology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/269. Pineal cyst presenting with intracystic and subarachnoid haemorrhage: report of a case and review of the literature.A case of a benign pineal cyst in a 70-year-old man who presented with hydrocephalus and apoplexy is reported. Surgical exploration revealed subarachnoid and intracystic haemorrhage. The patient also had bilateral impairment of hearing which improved after excision of the cyst. patients with a pineal cyst with apoplexy or subarachnoid bleed reported in the literature are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/269. Distal calcarine fusiform aneurysm: a case report and review of literature.A 50 year old female who was operated for atrial septal defect 8 years back, presented with clinical features suggestive of subarachnoid haemorrhage (grade I, Hunt and Hess). CT scan of brain revealed haemorrhage in all the supratentorial basal cisterns, sylvian cistern and small haematoma in the left occipital lobe. Conventional CT and MR angiography revealed aneurysm in relation to distal part of the calcarine branch of the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA). Left occipital craniotomy in prone position followed by deep dissection in the occipital lobe showed fusiform aneurysm of the distal part of the calcarine branch. PCA aneurysms constitute only 0.2 to 1% of all intracranial aneurysms and among them distal PCA aneurysms are most rare, constituting only 1.3%. They too are mostly seen at the bifurcation of the PCA. The present case however, is unique in the sense that it has developed as a fusiform aneurysm in the distal part of the calcarine branch. To the best of our knowledge this is rare among the rarest.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/269. Autonomic instability and hypertension resulting in subarachnoid haemorrhage in the guillain-barre syndrome.We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with guillain-barre syndrome who developed autonomic instability and hypertension and subsequently developed a subarachnoid haemorrhage. This was manifested clinically by a seizure which began focally and became generalised. Computer tomography demonstrated a localised haemorrhage in the left central sulcus. Control of the hypertension was achieved with intravenous labetolol. Autonomic instability and hypertension are frequently reported in guillain-barre syndrome. Subarachnoid haemorrhage is an uncommon but serious complication.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/269. Subarachnoid haemorrhage following rupture of an ophthalmic artery aneurysm presenting as traumatic brain injury.head trauma may provoke subarachnoid haemorrhage. The question sometimes arises whether in patients with trauma and subarachnoid haemorrhage the latter is of traumatic or aneurysmal origin. We present a 49-year-old patient who fell from a truck, struck his head and was unconscious immediately. On the brain computed tomography (CT) scan subarachnoid haemorrhage was present, initially diagnosed as of traumatic origin. Four-vessel angiography revealed rupture of a left ophthalmic artery aneurysm. We review the literature and give recommendations for angiography in patients with trauma and subarachnoid haemorrhage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.6keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/269. radiation-induced aneurysm and moyamoya vessels presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage.A rare case of a ruptured internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm, with ICA stenosis and moyamoya vessels, was diagnosed in a young female patient after radiotherapy for optic glioma. Retrospective analysis revealed that an extraordinarily high dose of radiation (110 Gy) had been delivered to the area around the ICA in two therapeutic sessions. Clipping and wrapping of the aneurysm were performed and the patient made a good recovery. A review of the literature suggested that rupture of radiation-induced aneurysms is a rare event, but may be fatal. Considerable care must therefore be taken when delivering high-dose radiation to cerebral arteries. We suggest that the incidence of radiation-induced moyamoya vessels is higher in younger patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/269. Subarachnoid haemorrhage as initial symptom of multiple brain abscesses.The case of evolving multiple brain abscesses which became symptomatic with a sudden hemianopsia and the clinical and radiological signs of a subarachnoid haemorrhage, is reported. A common pathomechanism which could explain both the sudden focal neurological deficit and the subarachnoid bleeding is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = haemorrhage (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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