11/27. Traumatic spinal epidural hematoma-unusual cause of torticollis in a child.Traumatic spinal epidural hematoma is rare in children. The presentation could be nonspecific, leading to a delay in diagnosis. We present an infant who sustained an epidural hematoma after a "trivial" injury. The delay in diagnosis led to minor neurological deficit at 6-week follow-up. Irritability and torticollis after a neck trauma in an afebrile child should alert to the possibility of spinal cord compression. Early imaging and early decompression will minimize morbidity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = injury (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/27. Cervical dystonia following exposure to high-G forces.Injuries to the cervical region have been associated with high-G loads sustained during air combat maneuvering (ACM) in high performance fighter aircraft. The spectrum of injuries ranges from mild neck pain to musculoskeletal strain, injury to the nerve roots or spinal cord, and fracture of the cervical spine. A 36-year-old fighter pilot with 2,800 h in tactical jet aircraft developed progressive cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis), following an ACM flight. The patient was successfully treated with local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin into the affected cervical muscles, resulting in total relief of his spasmodic torticollis. The aeromedical considerations of this rare complication of exposure to G forces in high performance aircraft are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4.0265110509926keywords = nerve, injury (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/27. Inflammatory torticollis in children.Acute torticollis is commonly seen in the pediatric emergency department. It often results from an inflammatory process that irritates the cervical muscles, nerves, or vertebrae. Posturing of the head occurs with unilateral spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle such that the child will position the head with the occiput rotated to the affected side and the chin rotated to the contralateral side. We recently treated 26 children who presented to the emergency department with acute nontraumatic torticollis. The most common causes were upper respiratory infection, sinusitis, otomastoiditis, cervical adenitis, and retropharyngeal abscess or cellulitis. Four patients had subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint as a result of the inflammatory process. Children with acute torticollis need careful evaluation for either overt or occult otolaryngologic infections. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in determining the cause of the acute torticollis and in ruling out rotatory subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0265110509926keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/27. Post whiplash dystonia well controlled by transcutaneous electrical nervous stimulation (TENS): case report.It has been established that peripheral trauma can cause focal and generalized dystonias, which may be difficult to treat. The case presented of a 28-year-old with post whiplash focal dystonia shows that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may be a useful treatment in the early management of focal dystonias which fail to respond to conventional therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0265110509926keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/27. torticollis following radiation therapy.A patient with adenocarcinoma in the apical portion of the lung producing a Pancoast's syndrome developed torticollis a few months after receiving a course of radiation therapy (5,040 rad) to his upper chest and neck. We describe this case, in which local radiation fibrosis of the neck muscles and perhaps segmental demyelination of the 11th cranial nerve resulted in peripheral nervous system lesion causing torticollis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0265110509926keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/27. intervertebral disc calcification in children.Calcification of cervical intervertebral discs in children is due to an uncommon, but distinct, disease of unknown etiology. signs and symptoms of nerve root or spinal cord compression are unusual and acute symptoms are followed by a benign course and spontaneous recovery. We describe a 5-year-old patient with symptomatic cervical disc calcification and discuss the relevant clinical and radiographic features.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0265110509926keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/27. Spasmodic torticollis caused by vascular compression of the spinal accessory root.A case of spasmodic torticollis in a 27-year-old man cured by vascular decompression of the spinal accessory root, without any nerve sectioning, is presented. The nerve compression was produced by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery originating from the vertebral artery at the C-1 level, and was released by transposing the artery from the nerve root, using the divided dentate ligament. The patient was completely free from symptoms after a follow-up period of 3 years. The possible causal importance of nerve compression in spasmodic torticollis is emphasized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 179.77843584394keywords = accessory, nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/27. Familial congenital superior oblique palsy.Four pedigrees, each with two or more cases of congenital superior oblique palsy among immediate family members, are presented. Except for a single case report in 1926, this disorder has not been known to occur in a hereditary manner. Theories of pathogenesis of congenital fourth cranial nerve palsy are discussed, with special reference to the hereditary occurrence of this disorder. Analogy is drawn between the familial forms of congenital superior oblique palsy and Duane's syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0265110509926keywords = nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/27. Spasmodic torticollis due to neurovascular compression of the 11th nerve. Case report.An unusual case of spasmodic torticollis caused by posteroinferior cerebellar artery compression of the spinal accessory nerve is reported. The spasmodic torticollis was cured by abolishing the neurovascular compression.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7595.0367481167keywords = accessory nerve, accessory, nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/27. Motor tics of the head and neck: surgical approaches and their complications.Motor tics of the head and neck, especially hemifacial spasm and spastic torticollis, are the substance of this paper. Forty-six cases are presented, and surgical techniques are described. In hemifacial spasm the intracranial neurovascular lysis of Jannetta is a valid operation with the best results to date but has a 7 1/2% risk of unilateral deafness. The extracranial submastoid partial section of Scoville is completely safe and gives excellent results, but there is a probability of mild to moderate return of the spasm in one to two year's time. In spastic torticollis the accepted radical operation consists of bilateral anterior rhizotomy of the upper three roots plus bilateral spinal accessory nerve section in the neck. A tragic complication of this operation has recently been observed by ourselves, Sweet, and Hamlin. This complication is bilateral infarction of the medulla (bilateral Wallenberg's syndrome). This has also been reported as occurring following chiropractic manipulations. For this reason the writer does limited unilateral sectioning of the spinal accessory nerve in the neck and resection of the upper third of the sternomastoid muscle, as a first stage procedure, in those cases in which rotation of the neck is the principal symptom, before doing the radical operation. Safeguards to prevent this complication include preoperative vertebral arteriography and preservation of both motor and sensory radicular arteries under magnification and maintenance of adequate neck support during the early postoperative days.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 15165.861407825keywords = accessory nerve, accessory, nerve (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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