1/10. First-trimester ultrasonographic investigation of cardiovascular anatomy in thoracoabdominally conjoined twins.Options for the treatment of thoracoabdominally conjoined twins are dependent on the anatomy of the cardiovascular system. It is important to increase the accuracy of diagnosis of conjoined twins with a fused heart. color Doppler imaging performed in a 23-year-old nulliparous Japanese woman at 12 weeks of gestation revealed synchronized blood flow in 2 aortic arches arising from a single heart. The patient underwent a therapeutic abortion, and the diagnosis of conjoined twins with a fused heart was confirmed. Thus, color Doppler imaging is useful for investigating the cardiovascular anatomy in conjoined twins suspected of having a fused heart, even in an early gestational age.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Monocephalus diprosopus, a rare form of conjoined twins, and associated congenital anomalies.Craniofacial duplication (diprosopus) is a rare form of conjoined twins. A case of monocephalus diprosopus with anencephaly, cervicothoracolumbar rachischisis, and duplication of the respiratory tract and upper gastrointestinal tract is reported. The cardiovascular system remained single but the heart showed transposition of the great vessels. We present this case due to its rarity, and compare our pathologic findings with those already reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Abnormal umbilical vessels and systemic circulatory reversal in thoracopagus twins.A human thoracopagus of slightly unequal twins having a common umbilical cord with exomphalos is described with special reference to the cardiovascular system. The larger twin had single umbilical artery. The smaller twin had a large left umbilical artery which was in direct continuity with the aorta, a small right umbilical artery with sole connection to the right external and internal iliac arteries (right common iliac artery was absent), missing umbilical vein, a rudimentary nonfunctional heart with atresia of the truncus arteriosus, and a right-sided aortic arch. Exomphalos of both twins is accounted by the possible defective growth of umbilical mesoderm caused by abnormal umbilical vessels. Reversal of sustemic circulation in the upper part of the body of small twin is discussed. The importance of a careful study of umbilical veins is emphasized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Cardiac and other malformations in parapagus twins.INTRODUCTION: Conjoined twins occur in one 50-200,000 live births and approximately 75% of all cases are thoracopagus twins. Parapagus conjoined twins are rare and are not included in many review articles. CASE REPORT: The cardiovascular system of a male parapagus (dicephalus, tetrabrachius, dipus) conjoined twins was studied. Twin B had bilateral bilobed lungs and a normal heart, while bilateral trilobed lungs and right isomerism was found in twin A. They shared a diaphragm and an abdominal cavity. There were two complete heads on two necks, two thoraxes, one abdomen, four arms, two legs, two complete vertebral columns, a single pelvis, and severe cardiac abnormalities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Ultrasonographic prenatal diagnosis of conjoined thoracopagus twins: a case report.A case of prenatal diagnosed thoracopagus conjoined twins is presented. In thoracopagus twins the cardiovascular system mainly determines the options for separation and survival. Therefore prenatal investigation of this organ system is indispensable. Ultrasound level-2 examination predicted the impossibility of separation and fully matched the autopsy findings. In conclusion, ultrasound examination appears to be an important tool to enable planning of the optimal delivery approach.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. cardiovascular system of the conjoined twins.The cardiovascular system of the dicephalus (2 spines, one pelvis) conjoined twins is being described. The heart consists of 2 atria and 3 ventricles. Various malformations are evident in the layout systematic and pulmonary circulation. The vascular system can be divided into 3 zones: an upper one--with an almost symmetrical duplication, a middle one--with an atypical pattern, and a lower one--with a normal pattern.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Thoracopagus conjoined twins: radiological evaluation of one case.Radiological study of conjoined thoracopagus twins. The digestive and biliary tracts, the urinary and cardiovascular systems have been examined. The problems and difficulties encountered in the various procedures and in the interpretation of their results are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. The use of radionuclides in the investigation of conjoined twins.Three sets of thoraco-omphalopagous conjoined twins were investigated. The clinical findings indicated a complex shared heart in two sets, and separate cardiovascular systems in the other. These assessments were confirmed by dynamic imaging after bolus injection of Tc-99m(Sn)colloid or Tc-99m millimicrospheres. Static images were then used to establish the configurations of the shared livers. The results of these studies were in keeping with the angiographic and autopsy findings in the two sets with complex cardiac anomalies and with the surgical findings during successful separation of the third set.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Assessment of the cardiovascular system in conjoined thoracopagus twins.The thoracoomphalopagus conjoined twins comprise 75% of all conjoined twins. In the assessment of the organ systems of the twins, the cardiovascular system is important since union of this system in the twins has occurred in 75% of the cases. Of the five cases reported here, two had separate hearts and vessels with a common pericardium only. Two twins were joined at the right atrial level. The fifth pair were connected at both atrial and ventricular levels. It has been suggested that the presence of two separate QRS complexes in the ECG indicates complete separation of the two hearts. Case 4 shows that even in the presence of atrial union, the existence of an atrioventricular block in one twin may produce a very slow heart rate, while the other twin may have a normal rate that will not influence the ventricular rate of the other. In our experience, angiocardiography has been the most useful diagnostic procedure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Aberrant twinning (diprosopus) associated with anencephaly.A case of Monocephalus diprosopus, associated with craniorachischisis and duplication of most of the foregut derivates is presented. The major part of the cardiovascular system remained single but the heart exhibited severe defects, including a complete persistent atrioventricular canal, transposition of the great arteries and atresia of the pulmonary valve. This report further supports the hypothesis that certain-types of incomplete twinning and neural tube defects may be caused by a single teratogenic mechanism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cardiovascular system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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