1/4. Primary vaginal stone in an 11-year-old recumbent girl.Primary vaginal stones are extremely rare, particularly in young women. We describe the occurrence of a primary vaginal calculus in a severely retarded 11-year-old girl who was not diagnosed until she was examined using computerized tomography. We postulate that the calculus was formed as a consequence of urinary contamination of the vagina in association with incontinence and prolonged maintenance in a recumbent posture.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/4. gallstones presenting as mental and physical debility in the elderly.Within 1 year six elderly patients (aged 80-89 years) were admitted because of non-specific deterioration in mental or physical well-being. In no instance was hepatobiliary disease suspected at the time of hospital admission. One patient presented with intermittent confusion only. The other five were referred with "falls" or having "gone off legs", with malaise, confusion, or incontinence. All had raised alkaline phosphatase levels of 159-1230 IU/l, which led to investigation of the biliary tree. At endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography all were shown to have biliary disease (three common duct stones, one gallbladder calculus, one an abscess, and one a widely dilated common bileduct ). With appropriate treatment (endoscopic sphincterotomy for two, surgery for two, and antibiotics alone for two), all showed a gratifying return of mobility and mental function. Biliary disease is a treatable cause of chronic ill health in the elderly and should be excluded, even in the absence of "classical" symptoms, when there is abnormal liver function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/4. Primary vaginal calculus in a patient with meningomyelocele.The development of a rare vaginal calculus in a 12-year-old girl with meningomyelocele since birth is attributed to urinary stasis resulting from prolonged urinary incontinence, decubiti of long duration and almost complete lack of medical or rehabilitation care. After surgical removal of the calculus without complications, a series of elective orthopedic procedures has been gradually undertaken and a program of intermittent catheterization has been started.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/4. Uretero-fallopian fistula: an unusual complication of open ureterolithotomy.We report a case of uretero-fallopian fistula, manifesting as complete urinary incontinence, following open ureterolithotomy for a lower ureteral calculus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = calculus (Clic here for more details about this article) |