1/24. Varicella-zoster virus vasculitis: a case of recurrent varicella without epidermal involvement.New types of diseases due to the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are increasingly recognized. A case of cutaneous VZV vasculitis without epidermal involvement is presented. The patient received chemotherapy for a large B cell lymphoma. He presented a few painless papules on one hand and in the axilla. A lymphocytic vasculitis was evidenced. immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of VZV in endothelial cells and dermal dendrocytes. Nerves and keratinocytes were free of the virus infection. Such a presentation probably represents a mild form of recurrent varicella with prominent but limited vascular involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/24. MRI in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cerebral vasculitis.Cerebral ischaemia caused by inflammatory vasculopathies has been described as complication of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. Imaging studies have shown ischaemic lesions and changes of the vascular lumen, but did not allow demonstration of abnormalities within the vessel wall itself. Two hiv-infected men presented with symptoms of a transient ischaemic attack. Initial MRI of the first showed no infarct; in the second two small lacunar lesions were detected. In both cases, multiplanar 3-mm slice contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed aneurysmal dilatation, with thickening and contrast enhancement of the wall of the internal carotid and middle cerebral (MCA) arteries. These findings were interpreted as indicating cerebral vasculitis. In the first patient the vasculopathy progressed to carotid artery occlusion, and he developed an infarct in the MCA territory, but then remained neurologically stable. In the second patient varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection was the probable cause of vasculitis. The clinical deficits and vasculitic MRI changes regressed with antiviral and immunosuppressive therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/24. retinal vasculitis associated with chickenpox.PURPOSE: To report retinal vasculitis in a young, immunocompetent Asian female adult with chickenpox. methods: Interventional case report. A 32-year-old woman had chickenpox 2 weeks before blurred vision in the left eye. The visual acuity was 20/20 for the right eye and 30/50 for the left eye. The left eye presented keratic precipitates, moderate (2 ) cells in the anterior chamber and numerous cells (3 ) in the vitreous. The disk was normal. Perivenous exudation was noted mainly in the inferior retina. The sheathed retinal vessels showed late staining but no remarkable leakage on fluorescein angiography. The right eye was normal. RESULTS: After treatment with acyclovir for 10 days, the visual acuity in the left eye improved to 20/20, and the vasculitis resolved. CONCLUSION: retinal vasculitis may present as a complication of primary varicella infection in an immunocompetent adult.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/24. Varicella glomerulonephritis mimicking microscopic polyangiitis.Varicella in childhood is usually a self-limiting illness with few complications. Varicella nephritis is an uncommon entity and seen mostly in immunocompromized individuals. We report a 14-year-old boy with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who developed varicella nephritis and in whom the renal manifestations preceded the skin lesions by 1 week. This is an extremely unusual occurrence, and only one case has been described before. Such a presentation can mimic the clinical features of microscopic polyangiitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/24. Granulomatous vasculitis occurring after cutaneous herpes zoster despite absence of viral genome.granuloma annulare, sarcoidal and other granulomatous dermatitides, pseudolymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma have been described as sequelae of herpes zoster. We report a new postzoster reaction, granulomatous vasculitis, that caused flat-topped papules restricted to the affected dermatome. polymerase chain reaction failed to detect varicella-zoster virus in a biopsy specimen. These results suggest that granulomatous vasculitis occurs without persistence of the viral genome and, perhaps, is a reaction to minute amounts of viral proteins.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/24. central nervous system vasculitis after chickenpox--cause or coincidence?A 7.5 year old boy, known to have a seizure disorder, presented with an infarct in the left middle cerebral artery territory, 10 weeks after severe chickenpox. Immunofluorescent antibody titre to the varicella zoster virus in the cerebrospinal fluid was 1:32. cerebral angiography showed evidence of focal vasculitis. He presented again seven months later with an acute exacerbation of seizures. magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an old posterior extension of the infarct, but a repeated angiography demonstrated an improvement in the vasculitic process. cerebrospinal fluid antibody titre was again 1:32. Although this may have been an unfortunate coincidence, a possible association between chickenpox and vasculitis, similar to that reported with herpes zoster, and with potentially significant clinical implications, should be considered. As a definite proof can be obtained only by a brain biopsy, however, which is generally not indicated in such cases, only additional clinical reports can lead to delineation of this association as a definite entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/24. subarachnoid hemorrhage and granulomatous angiitis of the basilar artery: demonstration of the varicella-zoster-virus in the basilar artery lesions.A 70-year-old man, with regional herpes zoster (C2) of 10 weeks duration, died following subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by the rupture of an aneurysm in the basilar artery. Granulomatous angiitis, with multinucleated giant cells, was found at autopsy in the wall of the aneurysm. Electron microscopy of the basilar artery disclosed intracytoplasmic viral particles with an envelope which measured 150-220 nm in diameter. immunohistochemistry studies revealed varicella-zoster-virus-related antigen in the cytoplasm and/or in the nucleus of histiocytes in the vessel wall. These findings suggest that varicella-zoster virus may be linked to the development of granulomatous angiitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/24. Acute multifocal hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis.The authors present a series of seven patients with acute visual loss associated with mild anterior uveitis, multifocal retinal vasculitis, retinal capillary nonperfusion, retinal hemorrhage, disc swelling, and vitreitis. Oral prednisone was of some benefit in these patients and oral acyclovir was generally ineffective. Neovascular complications including retinal, disc, choroidal, and iris new vessels were common, requiring photocoagulation in five patients. Horseshoe tears developed in two patients in zones of uninvolved retina but retinal detachment did not occur. The etiology remains unknown, although it may represent either a localized ocular form of Behcet's disease or other systemic syndrome, infection with a herpes group virus other than zoster varicella virus, or a manifestation of an undefined infectious agent.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/24. herpes zoster ophthalmicus and granulomatous angiitis. An ill-appreciated cause of stroke.The syndrome of granulomatous angiitis related to varicella zoster virus infection often manifests as herpes zoster ophthalmicus followed by contralateral hemiplegia. Forty-five cases have been reported to date, and the authors' experience with two additional cases seen in a one-year period is described. Given the frequency of both stroke and herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an aging population, the authors postulate that granulomatous angiitis is underdiagnosed. There is need for increased awareness of this disease by the non-neurologist. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/24. chickenpox with delayed contralateral hemiparesis caused by cerebral angiitis.chickenpox and herpes zoster ophthalmicus are caused by the same virus. herpes zoster ophthalmicus can be followed by contralateral hemiparesis, which is thought to be caused by spread of varicella-zoster virus to blood vessels contiguous to the trigeminal nerve and its branches. We report what we believe to be the first case of a patient with chickenpox followed by hemiparesis in whom there was angiographic evidence of an associated vasculitis similar to that found with herpes zoster ophthalmicus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = varicella (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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