| short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS) is manifested by short-limb dwarfism, short ribs with thoracic hypoplasia, and polydactyly. This inheritable syndrome has distinct imaging findings on prenatal sonography, and ancillary findings on both pre- and postnatal assessments may enable individual cases to be classified into 1 of 4 subtypes. In this report, we present a recurrent case of SRPS that was associated with a cystic hygroma and choroid plexus cysts. Although cystic hygromas are not uncommonly seen in skeletal dysplasias, the presence of concomitant cystic hygroma and choroid plexus cysts suggests a chromosomal abnormality such as trisomy 18. ( info) |
2/50. Lethal micromelic short-rib skeletal dysplasia with triangular-shaped humerus. We report two brothers with a new type of lethal, micromelic, short-rib, skeletal dysplasia characterised by short limbs with distinctive triangular-shaped humeri. This condition is most likely caused by either an autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive gene. ( info) |
3/50. New case of Beemer-Langer syndrome. We present the case of a male infant born at 37 weeks gestation with multiple congenital anomalies, including hydrops fetalis, facial and visceral abnormalities, short ribs, and short limbs without polydactyly. We believe that this represents a further case of the Beemer-Langer syndrome, a relatively recently described form of lethal osteochondrodysplasia with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. This case also showed some less frequently described anomalies, including arachnoid cysts of the brain and short intestines. ( info) |
4/50. Complex consanguinity associated with short rib-polydactyly syndrome III and congenital infection-like syndrome: a diagnostic problem in dysmorphic syndromes. Short rib-polydactyly syndromes (SRPS) are a heterogeneous group of recessively inherited lethal skeletal dysplasias. Four types have been recognised. However, overlap in the clinical and radiological features of the four types has led to difficulties in distinguishing between them. The congenital infection-like syndrome is an autosomal recessive syndrome characterised by mental retardation, microcephaly, seizures, and intracranial calcifications. We report a complex consanguineous family of Baluchi origin in whom short rib-polydactyly type III and congenital infection-like syndrome are segregating. Four children inherited SRPS III, one inherited congenital infection-like syndrome, and one inherited both. Although the radiological features in all the children with SRPS in this report were typical of type III, there was overlap in the clinical features with the other types of SRP syndromes. Furthermore, the child who inherited both SRPS III and congenital infection-like syndrome had CNS malformations in addition to periventricular calcification. CNS malformations have been described in SRPS types II and IV but not type III. This report further highlights the overlap between the different types of SRP syndrome. Moreover, it draws attention to the importance of considering the possibility of two recessive syndromes in the same child in complex consanguineous families when features overlap two syndromes. ( info) |
5/50. Naumoff short-rib polydactyly syndrome compounded with Mohr oral-facial-digital syndrome. A stillborn baby boy had findings of severe constitutional dwarfism with short limbs, short ribs, and polydactyly that were consistent with Naumoff (type III) short-rib polydactyly syndrome. He also had additional congenital anomalies, including cleft palate, notching of the upper lip, small tongue with accessory sublingual tissue. These oral and pharyngeal anomalies were consistent with Mohr (type II) oral-facial-digital syndrome. We suggest the stillborn infant represented a compound of Naumoff short-rib polydactyly syndrome (SRPS-III) and Mohr oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS-II). ( info) |
| short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS; types I-IV) is an autosomal recessive, lethal skeletal dysplasia characterized by short-limb dysplasia, narrow thorax, and polydactyly. This syndrome is invariable and can be detected by 2-trimester ultrasound. The underlying gene has not been discovered yet. We report a case of SRPS subtype III Verma-Naumoff-Le Marec that was sonographically detected at 20 weeks' gestation and compare prenatal ultrasound with postmortem findings from pathology and radiology. Since the risk of recurrence is 25%, early ultrasound for consecutive pregnancies was advised and performed at 11 6 weeks' gestation in the following pregnancy without any findings. Ultrasound diagnosis in this rare case of SRPS is a valuable tool for identification and early management, since there are no specific biochemical or histopathological markers for this syndrome. Radiological and pathological findings confirmed SRPS type III and assisted in the differential diagnosis of the subtype. ( info) |
7/50. Short rib polydactyly syndrome type III: histopathogenesis of the skeletal phenotype. A morphological study of the skeletal system in a case of short rib polydactyly syndrome type III (SRPS-III) documented a "bajonet" deformity of the ribs for misalignment and overlap of cartilaginous and bony ends. This deformity resulted from a 'tandem' change in endochondral bone formation that is, arrested orthotopic cartilage maturation and etherotopic perichondral cartilage differentiation and ossification. At the cartilaginous end, cartilage maturation and vascular invasion were absent. At the bony end, longitudinal bone growth occurred by a perichondral ectopic growth plate. 'Miniature' versions of this 'tandem' change were also demonstrated in the long bones of the limbs and included focally arrested orthotopic cartilage maturation at the growth plates, perichondral cartilage differentiation, and ossification within cartilage canals. Our morphological study indicates that a generalized loss of syncrony in cartilage removal and osteogenic differentiation occurs in all growth plates, albeit with varied expressivity, and represents, at tissue level, the mechanism by which the SRPS-III skeletal phenotype develops. ( info) |
8/50. Three-dimensional ultrasound evaluation of short-rib polydactyly syndrome type II in the second trimester: a case report. prenatal diagnosis of short-rib polydactyly syndrome is possible and has been reported in literature, but a precise ultrasound diagnosis is not easy. We report a case in which three-dimensional ultrasound was used in the evaluation of the disorder. The contribution and potential application of three-dimensional sonography in the prenatal diagnosis of short-rib polydactyly syndrome and other fetal skeletal malformations is discussed. ( info) |
9/50. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of Majewski syndrome. Majewski syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short ribs, polydactyly, short limbs, and a cleft lip. A 26-year-old woman with no family history of genetic diseases presented at 31 weeks' menstrual age with preterm labor and underwent prenatal sonography to screen for fetal anomalies. Sonography revealed a small thorax, markedly short ribs, micromelia, polydactyly, a cleft lip, dolichocephaly, and severe oligohydramnios. The other structures appeared normal. The most likely diagnosis was Majewski syndrome. Vaginal breech delivery was allowed to proceed. The 1,850-g male newborn died of respiratory failure shortly after birth. The postnatal appearance and radiographs confirmed the prenatal diagnosis. ( info) |
10/50. A 34-week-old male fetus with short rib polydactyly syndrome (SRPS) type I (Saldino-Noonan) with pancreatic cysts. A 34-week-old male fetus (first diagnosed at 28 weeks of gestation) with short rib polydactyly type I Saldino-noonan syndrome is presented in this study. In the postmortem examination of the fetus, pancreatic dysplasia, multiple cysts and multicystic dysplastic kidneys, omphalomesenteric cyst, ascites, malrotation, micropenis, undescended testes, bilateral inguinal hernia and hydrops were observed. The parents were first-degree cousins. One male and one female sibling had similar findings and both had died after birth. Only a four-year-old healthy daughter was alive. We believe these findings will be helpful in the differential diagnosis of further lethal skeletal dysplasia cases. ( info) |