how do i compare and contrast between community acquired and noscomial infections?
Nosocomial infections are acquired in hospitals or health care facilities. Community acquired within a community and thus the name. Think of the difference between an outbreak with a group at a school and an outbreak at a hospital. Sometimes nosocomial infections can be taken home and then cause community infections. (
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explain how hospitals and community acquired infections may occur?
Nosocomial: Originating or taking place in a hospital, acquired in a hospital, especially in reference to an infection.
The term "nosocomial" comes from two Greek words: "nosus" meaning "disease" + "komeion" meaning "to take care of." Hence, "nosocomial" should apply to any disease contracted by a patient while under medical care. However, "nosocomial" has been whittled down over the years and now just refers to hospitals -- it is now synonymous with hospital-acquired.
If someone in a hospital slips and breaks their hip, could that be a nosocomial fracture of the femur? No way. The only things that are nosocomial these days are infections. Nosocomial infections are ones that have been caught in a hospital.
Since antibiotics have come into common usage, bacteria that are resistant to them have also become common, especially in hospitals, so there are now lots of nosocomial infections.
A nosocomial infection is specifically one that was not present or incubating prior to the patient being admitted to the hospital, but occurred within 72 hours after admittance to the hospital.
A bacterium named Clostridium difficile is now recognized as the chief cause of nosocomial diarrhea in the US and Europe.
Community-acquired infection: An infection acquired in the community. In contrast to a nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection. (
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How do you get rid of a community acquired mercer infection received after a brown recluse spider bite?
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What's the difference between community acquired MRSA and hospital acquired MRSA?
As title thanks. Apart from one is acquired outside of, one is acquired inside hospital, how else are the two different?
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Hi, there!
CA MRSA has a greater spectrum of antibiotic susceptibility, often being resistant to just one group of antibiotics.
HA MRSA is usually multidrug resistant, sometimes susceptible only to glycopeptides (vancomycin).
Thus causing CA MRSA to be easier to treat, in comparison to HA MRSA.
CA MRSA is usually associated with skin and soft tissue infections - skins, boils. It does, however, also cause pneumonia, etc.
HA MRSA is often associated with medical equipment - cannula, catheters; wound contamination; etc. And immunosuppressed people: elderly, patients with severe burns, etc. And prostheses.
(You might want to check out the link, there are some different risk factors. It's only a patient information sheet, though, so it doesn't really explain things.)
This, I'm not really sure of, but it seems that CA MRSA is said to be more virulent because it often affects the young and healthy and quite easily spreads.
Hope that answers your question! (
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what are the factor in getting community acquired respiratory infection?
A community acquired resp infection just means you got it someplace other than the hospital. When you get an infection while you were in the hospital its called a nosocomial infection.
So anyone can get it, via virus or bacteria, sometimes fungi. If someone sneezes on you...didnt wash their hands...coughs on you. The same way you get anything else. (
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What is the best treatment for community acquired pneumonia with uncontrolled diabetes?
Specific antibiotics and doses please!
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What is the specific treatment for an uncontrolled diabetic with community acquired pneumonia?
Specific antibiotics and doses please!
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Only a doctor would be able to evaluate the patient and make a determination of specific antibiotics and doses for an uncontrolled diabetic with pneumonia. (
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How quick can pneumonia come back if you have AIDS? Community Acquired Pneumonia a month ago.?
I had CAP a month ago and still have pleurisy and acute bronchitis. Lung still hurts and very short of breath. Can this pneumonia come back just that quick? My doc is no help to me. I have asked her and she gives me no response. My CD4 is now 135. Very scared?
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I can understand your fear. Are you on antibiotics now? Have you had any PCP? This is a subject that has a bunch of other questions for me to ask of you for a patient history before I can answer. You can contact me off this site. (
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Any ongoing research about hospital acquired infections?
Hi, I need to write a proposal for my industrial microbiology course. I need some ideas as to help alleviate the problem of hospital acquired infections. Does anyone know if there's any ongoing research groups who are doing this topic? I need some inspirations and information.
Well, I'm thinking of working on antibiotics resistance bacteria, but any other ideas are welcomed!
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The problem is that antibiotic resistant bacteria or otherwise a condition known as MRSA is not really acquired in the hospital. This condition is caused by a person becoming tolerant to too many antibiotics for staph infections over a given amount of time. A hospital acquired infection might be something caught after careless care is given to a patient that has just gone through surgery and might need bandage changes and the biggest infection here would be because either the doctor or nurse doesn't completely wash their hands or gown if needed. This is then an infection that is because of being in the hospital. Try doing a search at the website of the CDC or WHO regarding these to see if they have anything their. These would be where they would also keep track of them too. Good luck and God Bless (
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What is the current recommended treatment for community acquired pneumonia?
Antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia should always be selected with patient characteristics, place of acquisition, and severity of disease in mind. With concerns about antimicrobial overuse, health care costs, and bacterial resistance increasing, many experts feel that therapy should always follow confirmation of the diagnosis of pneumonia and should always be accompanied by a diligent effort to identify an etiologic agent (see "National Guidelines"). When a specific pathogen is identified, pathogen-specific therapy can be employed (Table 8).
When a pathogen is yet to be identified, empiric therapy is employed. Multiple expert panels have authored recommendations for empiric pneumonia therapy, most prominently the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) (Table 9).
Aspiration Pneumonia
Clindamycin is preferred over penicillin for the treatment of community-acquired aspiration pneumonia because of its superiority in the treatment of oral anaerobes such as Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid also provides excellent coverage in this setting. When large-volume aspiration is documented in the hospital, a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination or the combination of clindamycin and an antipseudomonal agent should be used.
Anthrax
Suspected or proven inhalation anthrax should be treated with ciprofloxacin or doxycycline and two other agents (Table 8). Recent clinical experience suggests that rifampin may be an important agent in empiric regimens.
Length of Therapy
Though few data specifically address length of therapy, many cases of pneumonia are adequately treated with 10 to 14 days of antibiotics. Longer courses may be required for certain organisms (eg, Legionella sp, S aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or C pneumoniae) or comorbidities that compromise local (COPD) or systemic (hematologic malignancy) immunity.
Oral and Switch Therapies
The use of oral or "switch" therapies offers potential reductions in length of stay, antibiotic administration costs, complications of venous access, and disruption of families and careers. Many antibiotics are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting the possibility of effective, fully oral treatment. Because well-controlled, risk-stratified data comparing oral and intravenous therapies are few, appropriate patient populations and treatment settings for full-course oral therapy are yet to be fully defined. Better data exist for the use of intravenous-to-oral switch therapies for the stable patient who has good gastrointestinal and swallowing function and adequate social support.11 (
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