11/494. Amphicrine tumor.The term amphicrine refers to cells, and tumors, which show both exocrine and endocrine features. Author s aim was to analyse the characteristics of these neoplasms. 40 suspicious cases were reviewed. Mucin-stains (PAS, diastase-PAS, Stains-all, Alcian-blue), immunohistochemistry (antibodies against Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), and chromogranin a (CGA), and electronmicroscopic studies were performed to demonstrate exocrine and/or endocrine features of the tumor cells. By means of these methods, 16 cases turned out to be amphicrine tumors. Among them, there were 4 sinonasal, 1 bronchial, 1 mediastinal, 8 gastrointestinal and 2 suprarenal gland neoplasms. In connection to the subject, a brief review is given of amphicrine tumor, regarding its etiological and pathological aspects. These tumors form a distinct clinicopathological entity and should be separated from both neuroendocrine tumors and adenocarcinomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/494. Renal cell carcinoma presenting as a pseudo-carcinoid tumour.A 38-year-old woman presented with hypertension and a renal cell carcinoma. Raised urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid values >300 micromol/l, predictive of carcinoid tumour, were found during the perioperative period. The values returned towards normal 2 weeks post-surgery. Immunohistochemical examination of the renal cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine markers was negative. Despite a diligent search, no carcinoid tumour could be identified and the patient was well 4 years later. There was no dietary or drug explanation for this pseudocarcinoid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7.1341471551534keywords = carcinoma, cell carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/494. A case of classical carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder: review of the Japanese published works.A 58 year-old man was admitted to Kimitsu Chuo Hospital complaining of epigastralgia. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a polypoid lesion at the neck of the gallbladder. Given the pre-operative diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma, we resected the gallbladder along with the extrahepatic bile duct. There was a papillary tumor (25 x 16 mm) at the neck of the gallbladder. Histopathological examinations showed a subserosal nodular proliferation of uniform small tumor cells. Grimelius staining was slightly positive and Fontana-Masson staining was negative. Most of the tumor cells stained positively for chromogranin a and neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and some of the tumor cells were positive for pancreatic polypeptide. The presence of neurosecretory intracytoplasmic granules was proven ultrastructurally. It was diagnosed as a classical carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder. We reviewed the Japanese reported cases and discussed the difference in clinicopathological findings between classical and atypical carcinoid tumors of the gallbladder. Classical carcinoids of the gallbladder have neither a metastatic nor invasive character, and an extremely favorable prognosis compared with atypical carcinoids. The difference in character between classical and atypical carcinoids of the gallbladder is thought to be derived from their histogenetic origin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/494. Carcinoid syndrome caused by an atypical carcinoid of the uterine cervix.neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix are rare and are often under- or misdiagnosed. Because these tumors are very aggressive, early diagnosis and subsequent treatment are warranted. We describe a 46-yr-old woman with carcinoid syndrome caused by an atypical carcinoid of the uterine cervix. At age 44, she had dysplasia on Pap smear and underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Fourteen months postoperatively, she developed the carcinoid syndrome and was found to have numerous liver metastases. Histological and immunohistochemical investigations of biopsy specimens from the patient's liver lesions and original cervical lesion ("adenocarcinoma") suggested that this woman had a primary atypical carcinoid of the uterine cervix with metastases to the liver. Treatment with octreotide and alkylating agents decreased the episodes of flushing and diarrhea within 8 weeks. If an adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix is diagnosed, atypical carcinoid should be in the differential diagnosis. Symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome should be pursued and, if present, a urinary 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid level should be obtained. Timely diagnosis of a neuroendocrine tumor of the cervix may improve survival.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/494. Carcinoid tumors of the extrahepatic bile duct. A rare cause of malignant biliary obstruction.BACKGROUND: Carcinoid tumors of the extrahepatic bile duct are rare and account for 0.2-2% of all gastrointestinal carcinoids. Similar to other tumors of the bile duct, these lesions are difficult to diagnose preoperatively and nearly impossible to distinguish from cholangiocarcinoma. methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed all reported cases of carcinoid tumor of the bile duct and report on two additional cases. RESULTS: Thirty cases of carcinoid tumor of the bile duct have been reported. Among this group were 20 women and 9 men (female-to-male ratio, 2.2:1) with an overall mean age of 47 years (range, 19-79 years). The most common anatomic sites for extrahepatic carcinoid tumors were the common bile duct (58%), perihilar region (28%), cystic duct (11%), and common hepatic duct (3%). jaundice was the most common presenting complaint (55%). Sixty-nine percent of patients with extrahepatic biliary carcinoids had disease confined to the bile duct, whereas 31% had evidence of distant metastases. All patients who presented with localized disease remain disease free with a mean follow-up of 32 months (range, 3 months to 20 years). CONCLUSIONS: carcinoid tumor of the bile duct is a rare form of malignant biliary obstruction. Unlike cholangiocarcinoma, biliary carcinoids occur more commonly in younger patients and in women. Aggressive local invasion by the primary tumor is rare, and metastases occur in less than one-third of patients. All patients who underwent a curative surgical resection were alive and disease free at time of published report, implying a more favorable prognosis. Aggressive surgical resection is recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/494. liver metastasis nineteen years after surgery for typical bronchial carcinoid.A resected case of metastatic liver carcinoid is presented. A 62 year-old woman, who had undergone removal of a typical bronchial carcinoid 19 years before, was found to have a well-defined, oval hepatic tumor on ultrasonography. The resected specimen was a hard and solid tumor, which was microscopically diagnosed as a carcinoid. Histological review of the previously resected lung tumor revealed that the liver tumor was a metastasis from the primary bronchial carcinoid. The patient is alive without recurrence 42 months after hepatectomy. This case suggests that typical bronchial carcinoid, a slowly growing tumor, may metastasize to distant sites after many years, and that re-excision of metastatic lesions may prolong survival time.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.18882081213196keywords = lung (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/494. Multicentric metachronous central carcinoid of the lung: a case report.A 51-year-old female patient with metachronous multiple central typical carcinoid represents the subject of the case discussed. The patient underwent bronchoplastic surgery in order to remove the first carcinoid tumor twelve years ago. She was readmitted to the hospital following a long tumor-free period of disease when two new central carcinoids were diagnosed. The carcinoids were first treated by rigid bronchoscopical removal of the tumors followed by laser coagulation of the bases. Bronchoscopic follow-up one year after the treatment did not reveal any pathological findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75528324852785keywords = lung (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/494. Adenocarcinoid of the appendix presenting as a disseminated ovarian carcinoma: report of a case.The occurrence of disseminated tumors of the appendix is a rare event. Usually appendix tumors are very small, located on the inside of the appendix, and can be pathologically diagnosed. Adenocarcinoid is an uncommon variant of carcinoid tumors that usually arises in the appendix. This report describes a case of a primary adenocarcinoid of the appendix in a patient who was preoperatively diagnosed to have uterus myomatosus but was intraoperatively found to instead have disseminated ovarian carcinoma. This case demonstrates that the clinical picture can be misleading, and that surgeons therefore always have to wait for the final pathological report before making a final diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/494. Mediastinal atypical carcinoid and neurofibromatosis type 1.We report a case of mediastinal atypical carcinoid in a 63-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), who presented with shortness of breath and a bulky mediastinal mass. Initial consideration was given to a neurogenic tumor. However, on thoracoscopic biopsy, the histologic appearance was consistent with an atypical carcinoid. Carcinoid tumors have been reported in association with NF-1 previously, but commonly in such unusual sites as the ampulla of vater and duodenum and not in the thorax. The bulky, extensive, and highly vascular nature of the lesion precluded resection or debulking surgery. To our knowledge, there are no previous reports of atypical carcinoid of the lung or mediastinum in a patient with neurofibromatosis. This case report, therefore extends the spectrum of solid neoplasia in general and carcinoid tumors in specific, as they occur in association with NF-1.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.18882081213196keywords = lung (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/494. Neuroendocrine differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma.A patient with hepatocellular carcinoma with neuroendocrine features is reported. Identification of this tumor is essential due to its aggressive behavior and the differences in the treatment and clinical control of the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = carcinoma (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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