1/17. Protein-contact eczematous reaction to cornstarch in clothing.Protein contact dermatitis is an eczematous reaction to antigens often associated with immediate hypersensitivity. A patient with a history of atopic eczema and multiple immediate sensitivities was seen for a persistent dermatitis of the face, hands, and clothing areas of the trunk and arms. Investigation showed a positive prick test to cornstarch, and avoidance of glove powder and starch in her clothing cleared what had been a recalcitrant problem.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/17. Allergic contact sensitivity to mydriatic agents on a nurse's fingers.We report a case of contact sensitivity to a cycloplegic mydriatic agent (Mydrin-P) on the fingers of a nurse whose work included the instillation of eyedrops into patients undergoing routine funduscopic examination in a hospital ophthalmology department. The lesion showed well-demarcated brownish erythema with scaling on the second and third fingers of her left hand, which are used for opening the eyes of patients and are subjected routinely to contact with leaking mydriatic eyedrops. The results of a patch test to Mydrin-P and to its pharmacologic components tropicamide and phenylephrine hydrochloride were positive. These chemicals seem to be weak antigens since reports of allergic reactions to them are rare. This case exemplifies a unique occupational contact dermatitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/17. Histologic study of delayed reactions to coelenterates.We studied by immunohistochemistry three cases of delayed envenomation by coelenterates. The most prominent features were the grouping of human leukocyte antigen-DR-positive cells with langerhans cells (S-100 positive) and helper/inducer T lymphocytes (Leu-1 , Leu-3 , and Leu-4 ). This indicates the possibility of a type IV immunoreaction in the delayed cutaneous lesions caused by coelenterates.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/17. The spectrum of IgE-mediated responses to latex.A spectrum of IgE-mediated allergic responses to latex is presented in this report of 14 patients, including health care workers, sensitized by exposure to latex gloves. Symptoms often occurred immediately after exposure to latex, and manifestations varied according to the route of latex antigen presentation. Skin exposure usually caused contact urticaria. Exposure to latex in the air elicited allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. Systemic effects from latex occurred intraoperatively due to the surgeon's latex gloves. Anaphylactic shock included the above symptoms with the addition of tachycardia and hypotension. All patients had positive latex skin tests. serum IgE antibody to latex was found with a latex radioallergosorbent test in all but one tested patient. physicians should be aware that latex allergy can present as anaphylaxis during surgery, barium enema, or dental work. latex skin tests are a satisfactory method of diagnosis. Nonlatex gloves are available and are tolerated by affected people.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/17. Predominantly indurated reactions to sensitizers may not cause keratinocytes to express HLA-DR.Dermal reactions to primary intradermal or appendageal sensitization are compared to predominantly dermal reactions to standard patch tests and to intradermal antigen tests. In contrast to epicutaneous spongiotic contact dermatitis, HLA-DR was only seen on skin appendages and nearby basal keratinocytes in indurated tissue reactions with the exception of the reactions with focal basal cell layer disruption and an indurated patch test performed one week post angry back syndrome. Other intradermal skin tests showed only minimal epidermal HLA-DR expression despite spongiotic epidermal changes. Predominantly dermal hypersensitivity reactions can be induced by intradermal or epicutaneous routes. They can evoke hypersensitivity responses which do not cause most epidermal keratinocytes to express HLA-DR.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/17. Contact dermatitis sparing the eruption of herpes zoster and its periphery.A 63-year-old male developed allergic contact dermatitis with antibiotic ointment applied to the skin eruptions of herpes zoster. From the result of patch test, fradiomycin sulfate contained in the ointment was identified as the contact sensitizing antigen. Strangely, this contact dermatitis was confined to the area surrounding the sores, sparing the lesions and their periphery. We postulated that a decrease in Langerhans cell activity in the herpes zoster lesions and their peripheral area was primarily responsible for this phenomenon, since an important role of langerhans cells in host defence against herpes virus infection has recently been demonstrated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/17. Contact urticaria and rhinitis from latex surgical gloves.latex used in the manufacture of surgical gloves should be included in a list of allergens. It is found in the tree hevea braziliensis. For approximately the last year, minutes after using surgical gloves, a female doctor had severe pruritus followed by a rash and angio-oedema of the contact areas. During the last 4 months, on opening the glove-bag, she experienced severe rhinitis and respiratory distress. The symptoms ceased in 1 h. Standard patch tests and with substances used in the manufacture of rubber were negative. Prick tests with glove and natural latex were strongly positive. The presence of specific IgE against natural latex was demonstrated by means of a histamine release assay as well as by immunoenzymatic methods. The antigen seems to have a MW higher than 30,000 d and is trypsin-sensitive. These facts suggest that the allergen could be a protein present in the "crude natural latex".- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/17. Chronic dermatitis evolving to mycosis fungoides: report of four cases and review of the literature.In four patients with long-standing chronic dermatitis, evolution into cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was observed. Two patients were men and two were women; they were aged forty-nine to sixty-five years at first presentation. Duration of dermatitis at admission was from two months to fifteen years, with the clinical and histologic diagnosis documented on initial examination. After another five to nine years, clinically and histologically verified mycosis fungoides occurred. In two patients, contact factors were verified as causative by results of patch testing; sensitivities documented included nickel, potassium dichromate, and formaldehyde. In a third patient, contact factors were implicated as causes, but patch testing was not performed. We propose that certain instances of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma may be caused by chronic antigenic immunostimulation with resultant malignant lymphocyte clonality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/17. Consort contact dermatitis due to oak moss.An allergic contact dermatitis in a woman was found to be due to oak moss in her husband's after-shave lotion. When routine patch testing reveals a positive reaction, the dermatologist should consider exposure to the antigen not only in the patient but also through contact with the patient's consort.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/17. Skin sensitivity to denture base materials in the burning mouth syndrome.The significance of sensitizing compounds in the denture base for the etiology of the burning mouth syndrome (BMS) has been studied in 53 denture-wearing persons, seven males and 46 females. Epicutaneous patch tests were performed with standard concentrations of benzoyl peroxide, dibutylphthalate, dimethyl-p-toluidine, formaldehyde, hydroquinone, methylmethacrylate, p-phenylendiamine and with cadmium sulfate, potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride and nickel sulfate. Furthermore, patch testing was performed with filings from the denture mixed with the patient's own saliva. In cases with an inflamed oral mucosa, the presence of hyphae of candida albicans was assessed by a smear technique. Positive skin reactions were observed in 15 persons to dimethyl-p-toluidine, hydroquinone, formaldehyde, methylmethacrylate, p-phenylendiamine, potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride and nickel sulfate, including three cases with reactions to filings from their dentures, and one patient who after subsequent testing showed skin sensitivity to balsam of peru. In 12 cases an etiological connection could be traced between the oral symptoms and the denture base, indicating that contact sensitivity to base materials or to allergens and microbial antigens on the denture plate plays a greater role in the pathogenesis of BMS in edentulous persons than previously suggested.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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