11/152. An imaging evaluation of angiodysplasia syndromes.Current imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance angiography, computer tomography, ultrasound, plain x-rays, and lymphangioscintigraphy have enhanced the ability to define blood and lymph vascular malformations in more precise pathophysiologic terms. Not only can these imaging modalities distinguish arterial anomalies from lymphatic and venous angiodysplasia, but they also readily differentiate edema in the epifascial as opposed to the subfascial peripheral compartments. Moreover, visceral lymphangiectasia (e.g., chylous and non-chylous reflux), bone and muscle overgrowth, agenesis, and fat deposits can also be delineated. Clinical examples are provided including an algorithm for approaching these conditions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/152. clostridium sordelli infection.A case of human clostridium sordelli soft tissue infection is presented. Analysis of this patient's course led to the use of a mouse experimental model for examination of this organism's potential for toxin production. Data thus obtained correlated with that seen in this instance of human infection, indicates that the lethal effects of this organism may be related to the ability to clostridium sordelli to produce a widespread "toxin-mediated" edema with subsequent marked "third-space" sequestration of fluid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.48222465629573keywords = production (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/152. Three-dimensional analysis of macular diseases with a scanning retinal thickness analyzer and a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope.OBJECTIVE: To compare three-dimensional analysis of macular diseases obtained using the scanning retinal thickness analyzer (RTA) with that obtained using the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT). patients AND methods: Both the RTA and the HRT were used to examine 50 eyes of 36 patients with diabetic macular edema, macular edema following branch retinal vein occlusion, age-related macular degeneration, and idiopathic macular holes. RESULTS: In most macular diseases, the retinal thickness map constructed using the RTA agreed with the image obtained with the HRT. The two maps were not consistent with each other, however, in patients with dense retinal hemorrhages and with extrafoveal fixation. CONCLUSIONS: Although both the RTA and the HRT give additional information to clinically evaluate macular diseases, they do have limitations. The discrepancy between these two analyses in some specific macular pathologies might be caused by the different wavelengths of the laser beam and the different methodologies used to scan the retina.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/152. Cystic hygroma colli as the first echographic sign of the fetal akinesia sequence.We report first trimester cystic hygroma colli with subsequent resolution and development of a fetal akinesia deformation sequence. Neuropathological examination of the brain showed intra- and extracellular white matter edema while spinal cord, peripheral nerves and muscles were normal. Hygroma colli as the first echographic sign of subsequent severe fetal akinesia sequence without muscular dystrophy as seen in the Lethal Multiple pterygium syndrome has not been previously reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/152. Atlas hypoplasia manifesting as myelopathy in a child--case report.A 14-year-old Japanese boy presented with myelopathy due to atlas hypoplasia with complete posterior arch. Decompressive laminectomy of the atlas produced good neurological recovery, and follow-up T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed disappearance of spinal cord edema. Congenital atlas stenosis may be symptomatic even in children, with no accompanying cervical spondylotic change. Such cases have previously occurred only in Asian adults. A radiological study of the patient's brother showed median cleft formation of the posterior arch of atlas, indicative of a wide spectrum of atlas anomalies and a possible genetic relationship between these anomalies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/152. Radiologic case study. Pigmented villonodular synovitis.Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign, locally aggressive disorder characterized by a unique clinical radiographic, and histopathologic presentation. While it is considered to be a rare disorder, a delay in diagnosis and treatment can potentially result in severe disruption of joint function due to subchondral invasion. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment should consist of complete synovectomy. recurrence is common, but malignant transformation is rare. The etiology of PVNS is still unknown, and perhaps its future discovery will assist in the definitive treatment of this disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/152. Total occlusion of inferior vena cava in a patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome associated with behcet's disease.Behcet's disease frequently involves the venous system, usually affecting small vessels, but sometimes large vessels such as the vena cava. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is associated with an increased incidence of arterial and venous thrombosis. A 29-year-old male with Behcet's disease developed bilateral leg edema secondary to thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava. Laboratory tests revealed positive antiphospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. Treatment with steroid and warfarin subsequent to intravenous administration of uro-kinase resulted in improvement of symptoms. The association of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and Behcet's disease may have caused the total thrombotic occlusion of the vena cava in this case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 32.921645218883keywords = antibody (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/152. A prospective study of the incidence of the purple glove syndrome.PURPOSE: phenytoin (PHT) has been widely used intravenously for the treatment of seizures since 1956, and for many years, it has been considered first-line therapy for status epilepticus. It is routinely administered intravenously in emergency departments and hospitals for patients who have had isolated seizures and for many patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures who are unable to receive oral medication. Adverse reactions from PHT have been widely studied for years, but in the past decade, new adverse reactions have been identified. One of these adverse reactions is the purple glove syndrome (PGS), characterized by edema, discoloration, and pain distal to the site of i.v. administration of PHT. Because there have been no prospective reports of the incidence of PGS, the objective of the study was to report the incidence of this syndrome. methods: We enrolled 179 consecutive exposures to i.v. PHT at Henry Ford Hospital. Distal portions of the upper extremities were examined and digitally photographed by one of the authors (J.G.B.). The photos were blindly evaluated by the third author (G.L.B.) for PGS. Demographic and pertinent medical history was recorded for all patients, and outcome for those who experienced PGS was recorded. Associations between PGS, demographic, and medical history information were assessed. RESULTS: In only three of the 179 exposures did PGS develop. In both patients, the severity of the clinical picture was mild and did not required prolonged hospitalization or specialized treatment. CONCLUSIONS: PGS is an infrequent and mild adverse effect of i.v. PHT administration.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/152. Acute spinal cord swelling in a child with Chiari II malformation.We report on a patient with Chiari II malformation who developed acute cervical myelopathy and brainstem dysfunction following a shunt failure. A brain and spine magnetic resonance image obtained immediately after admission evidenced swelling of the medulla and upper cervical spinal cord. After emergency placement of an external ventricular drain, the swelling receded, the child's respiratory pattern improved and the motor function of his upper and lower extremities progressively returned to its normal condition. The case reported here suggests that in patients with Chiari type II malformation, spinal cord swelling might have a similar pathophysiology to the periventricular edema observed in the supratentorial compartment, and thus may be independent of the early stages of syringomyelia or syringobulbia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = formation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/152. carcinoid heart disease: successful tricuspid valve replacement.A woman aged 46 was found to have severe tricuspid valve disease 14 years after the diagnosis of a malignant carcinoid tumour of the ileum and 33 years after the onset of symptoms attributable to the disease. Increasing ascites requiring repeated paracentesis had not responded to chemotherapy including infusion of 5-fluorouracil and vincristine into the coeliac artery. The tricuspid valve was replaced by a Bjork-Shiley prosthesis. After operation there was no recurrence of ascites or oedema. She remains well one year and 11 months later. It is suggested that valve replacement surgery should be considered more often in patients with carcinoid heart disease. hepatomegaly and ascites sould not be attributed too readily to advancing malignant disease without careful consideration of the role of right-sided valvar lesions in the production of these signs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.48222465629573keywords = production (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| <- Previous || Next -> |