1/12. Hepatocellular carcinoma metastatic to the oral mucosa: report of a case with multiple gingival localizations.BACKGROUND: Metastases to the oral mucosa are rare, representing less than 1% of the tumors at this site. Most of these metastatic neoplasms originate in the lungs, kidneys, and liver. methods: The clinicopathologic features of an occult hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic to the oral mucosa, are reported. The patient, a 70-year-old male, complained of 3 distinct polypoid, reddish lesions of the antero-inferior alveolar crest and both the right and left postero-superior attached gingiva, without bone involvement. The lesions were excised, with the clinical diagnosis of multiple vascular tumors, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Consecutive sections were immunostained for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, CEA, cytokeratins, EMA, hepatocyte antigen, PSA, S-100 protein, and thyroglobulin, using the alkaline phosphatase/anti-alkaline phosphatase technique. RESULTS: The morphologic features of the lesions were consistent with the diagnosis of carcinoma with trabecular and glandular patterns and bile secretion; furthermore, immunohistochemical reactivity for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, cytokeratins, CEA, EMA, and hepatocyte antigen was demonstrated and the hepatic origin of the tumor was postulated. ultrasonography demonstrated a liver mass, which was biopsied and treated by chemoembolization. While no further complications occurred in the oral mucosa, the patient died 8 months after the diagnosis for widespread diffusion of the tumor to the lungs and brain. CONCLUSIONS: This case emphasizes the need to include metastatic tumors in the differential diagnosis of atypical neoplasms of the oral mucosa and to evaluate the opportunity of surgical treatment in order to preserve the functions of the mouth, even if the prognosis of the primary tumors remains unfavorable.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. Solitary neurofibroma of the oral mucosa: a previously undescribed variant of neurofibroma.We report a distinct morphologic type of neurofibroma, lipomatous neurofibroma, arising in the oral mucosa, which has not been described previously in the literature. A 25-year-old female patient presented with a solitary mucosal mass on the palatal gingiva. Although the limited biopsy material was diagnosed as a spindle cell lipoma, characteristic light microscopic neurofibromatous areas, intricately admixed with mature fat, were found in the entire resection specimen. Immunohistochemically, many of the spindle cells were positive, either diffusely or focally, for common neural markers, with patchy staining for CD34 and epithelial membrane antigen. S-100 protein was also positive in adipocytes. Ultrastructural examination confirmed the diagnosis of neurofibroma and suggested an intimate relationship between neoplastic neural cells and adipocytes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Solitary fibrous tumours of the lower gingiva: a case report.Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are rare lesions in the oral cavity. Typically they arise in the pleura. We report a lesion occurring in the lower anterior gingiva. In histochemical examination, the spindle-shaped, neoplastic cells stained strongly for CD34 antigen and vimentin, but did not stain for desmin, smooth-muscle actin, muscle actin and S-100 protein. The expression of CD34 antigen and vimentin were useful for the differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Immunohistochemical demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on tissue sections from squamous cell head and neck cancer and plasma CEA levels of the patients.45 squamous cell head and neck cancers including 36 with carcinoma of the oral cavity and 9 with carcinoma of the maxillary sinus were examined immunohistochemically for the presence of CEA. 12 of 30 carcinomas of the oral cavity and 7 of the 9 carcinomas of the maxillary sinus had tumors containing CEA. This difference in the occurrence of CEA was statistically significant. The mean plasma CEA level of 36 patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity and 7 patients with carcinoma of the maxillary sinus was 1.95 /- 1.72 ng/ml and 3.70 /- 3.53 ng/ml, respectively. Significant elevation of plasma CEA levels was found only in the stage-IV group patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity as compared with the stage-I group patients. In the 3 patients having plasma CEA values exceeding 5 ng/ml at the time of pretherapy, plasma CEA levels were decreased to below 2.5 ng/ml with the cancer treatment followed by the complete remission. These findings indicate that plasma CEA as a tumor marker in squamous cell head and neck cancer is meaningful in a small proportion of the cancer patient population.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Primary angiosarcoma of the gingiva. Case report with immunohistochemical study.A case of angiosarcoma involving primarily the gingiva in an 86-year-old woman is reported. The neoplasm was strongly positive for factor viii-related antigen, negative for cytokeratins, and positive for vimentin, confirming the vascular nature of the tumor. The patient died from heart failure 1 month after surgical excision of the lesion without clinical evidence of metastasis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Congenital gingival granular cell tumor with smooth muscle cytodifferentiation.Congenital epulis of the newborn is a rare benign congenital gingival granular cell tumor (GGCT) of unknown histogenesis which occurs most commonly on the gingiva of the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge in girls. The granular cells in this entity are histologically indistinguishable from those in extragingival granular cell tumors, known historically as granular cell myoblastoma (GCM), which occur at any age and appear to be of Schwann cell origin. Ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistochemical features of three GGCT were examined and compared to three GCM and a granular cell ameloblastoma. This is the first instance in which the ultrastructure of granular cells in a congenital epulis showed evidence of smooth muscle differentiation. carcinoembryonic antigen-like immunoreactivity was localized in granular cells from all granular cell tumors studied, but S-100 protein was present only in GCM. The smooth muscle ultrastructural features and the lack of S-100 protein in GGCT strongly suggest a different histogenesis from that of GCM. The GGCT is likely derived from a primitive gingival perivascular mesenchymal cell with the potential for smooth muscle cytodifferentiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Congenital gingival granular cell tumor. A case report.Congenital gingival granular cell tumor is a rare benign lesion of uncertain origin, which has been found only in newborn infants. This article describes one such case. Our immunohistochemical study employing antibodies against S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, wide-spectrum keratin, desmin and vimentin yielded data supporting the theory of a mesenchymal cell origin for this lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Primary angiosarcoma of the alveolar mucosa in a haemodialysis patient: case report and discussion.A case of a haemodialysis patient with a primitive angiosarcoma of the alveolar mucosa is reported. The vascular origin of the tumor was confirmed by the immunohistochemical data which showed strong positivity for factor viii-related antigen and for vimentin, whereas stains for desmin and cytokeratins were negative.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. Gingival metastasis of merkel cell carcinoma: a case report.An 82-year-old Caucasian man developed an ulcerated mass on the anterior mandibular gingiva. Five years previously he had been treated for a Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) on his right cheek. Histopathologic examination showed small tumor cells with scanty cytoplasm, suggestive of malignancy. Immunohistochemical studies were performed with the use of nine antibodies. S-100 protein and leukocyte common antigen were helpful in ruling out melanoma and lymphoma. Pronounced reaction was shown for cytokeratin 20, a new histodiagnostic marker whose expression is almost entirely confined to merkel cells, the gastric epithelium, and urothelium. The tentative diagnosis of metastasis of MCC was confirmed. Immunohistochemical studies are useful diagnostic aids in the establishment of the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Gingival squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease.This article describes a gingival squamous cell carcinoma that developed in a 21-year-old woman who received a bone marrow transplant at the age of 16 from her human leukocyte antigen-identical sister as treatment for severe aplastic anemia. Thirty days after transplantation, she presented with cutaneous erythema as a result of acute graft-versus-host disease, and this subsequently evolved into chronic graft-versus-host disease. A lichenoid white plaque of the gingiva developed shortly thereafter, and it began to increase in size rapidly 4 years posttransplantation. biopsy indicated squamous cell carcinoma arising in this region, apparently associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Few reports have described a secondary solid malignancy involving the oral cavity of young adults after bone marrow transplantation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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