11/26. Gas in embolized tumors: an alternate hypothesis for its origin.Gas within embolized, uninfected tumors has been ascribed to either carbon dioxide produced through anaerobic reticulocyte metabolism or oxygen release from oxyhemoglobin. An alternative hypothesis explaining the presence of gas within embolized, uninfected tumors, namely, that gas is introduced during the embolization procedure, is presented. Experimental results corroborating this hypothesis are also described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/26. Human neuroblastoma serially transplanted in nude mice and metastases.A human neuroblastoma from a female patient was directly transplanted into nude mice and serial transplantation was established. histology of the transplanted tumor was almost the same as that of the patient. During serial transplantation, a high frequency of metastasis to distant organs such as ovaries, lymph node and cerebrum was observed, especially in the ovaries where the metastatic rate reached to 66%. Regarding the distribution of organs involved, there is close similarity between that in the patient with neuroblastoma and tumor-bearing mice. This transplantable human neuroblastoma provided a unique research tool for studies on its morphological and biological nature, including metastasis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/26. Hyperthermia with implanted electrodes: in vitro and in vivo correlations.Hyperthermia as a treatment for cancer has elicited much recent interest. However, major difficulties persist both in the technology for heating deep-seated tumors, and in thermal dosimetry. We have investigated a heating technique for deep-seated neoplasms that employs an internal implanted electrode and an external electrode to apply radiofrequency current to a tumor mass. The internal electrode consists of an array of stainless steel needles or wires which define a Faraday cage within the tumor, while the external electrode consists of a variety of electrical conductors at the skin surface. Phantom measurements have closely reproduced calculated temperature distributions. The temperature profiles within the volume enclosed by the internal electrode show relatively homogenous heating. temperature measurements in a rat tumor model have demonstrated that significant heating within such an internal electrode array is easily obtained. The heating may extend some centimeters outside the electrode. Using a dog model we have shown that with such a treatment technique the temperature profiles obtained are reproducible both spatially and temporally. A case report of a clinical application is presented. A 5 cm bronchogenic carcinoma was easily heated without significant heating of the surrounding normal lung, and without apparent toxicity. Such a technique may be applicable to a variety of operable but unresectable neoplasms. The reproducibility and relative homogeneity of heating suggest possible usefulness in combined modality trials.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/26. Characteristics of the newly derived human chondrosarcoma cell line OSHU-1: observations on osteoinduction.A cell line designated OSHU-1 was produced by cell culture of a grade II chondrosarcoma excised as a whole from the public bone of a 59-year-old man. The OSHU-1 chondrosarcoma cell line was maintained in vitro for over 10 months and was invariably tumorigenic when injected in inbred BALB/c athymic nude mice. The karyotype was grossly abnormal and suggestive of a malignant growth. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed features commonly associated with malignant transformation. transplants of the isolated tumor cells reproduced many of the microscopic, histochemical, and biosynthetic features of the original chondrosarcoma. hydroxyproline and uronic acid rapidly accumulated between 2 and 3 weeks after transplantation. 35S uptake increased about 5,5-fold within 7 days after transplantation. After 4-6 weeks in athymic mice, the rate of growth of the chondrosarcoma reached a plateau. The interior of the tumor calcified, while on the surface the tumor induced the formation of new bone and bone marrow, apparently of host origin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/26. collagen and stromal proliferation as preventive mechanisms against cancer invasion by purified polysaccharides from human tubercle bacillus (SSM).The antitumor activity of SSM consists in the activation and intensification of collagen proliferation against carcinoma. The experiment in vitro and in vivo (xenografts) indicates that SSM did no direct damage to the cancer cells, but that it accelerated the proliferation of collagen fibers of the stroma. These collagen fibers enclosed the cancer cells and prevented cancer cell proliferation. It was also made clear that the proliferation of collagen fibers was accelerated remarkably by SSM under a certain condition of immunity. Therefore, one of the basic activities of SSM is to stimulate the proliferation of collagen fibers in the stroma invaded by cancer cells. collagen serves in the composition of small blood vessels, blood capillaries, muscle fibers, and nerve fibers. Besides, the biosynthesis of collagen seems to be accelerated by carcinomatous infiltration, and it may also take place with fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and the amorphous matrix in the normal tissue or cancer cells themselves.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 13keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/26. Two neoplastic cell lines with unique features derived from Hodgkin's disease.Two in vitro cell lines (L428, L439) were established from pleural effusions of two patients with Hodgkin's disease. The histological diagnosis was ascertained in both cases by two independent pathologists. The neoplastic nature of the culture cells is indicated by the demonstration of several structural and numerical chromosome abnormalities associated with a monoclonal pattern of marker chromosomes. Heterotransplantation in nude mice was achieved by intracranial inoculation and by subcutaneous transplantation of cultured cells embedded in a plasma clot. EBV-specific antigens (EBNA, VCA) were not detectable in either cell line. Ia-like antigens, receptors for T cells, acid phosphatase and acid esterase were shown to be present in the cultured cells. The L428 and L439 cell line lacked surface- or cytoplasmic Ig, HTLA, receptors for C3b, C3d, IgG-Fc, mouse E or sheep E, and were devoid of lysozyme, peroxidase and chloracetate esterase. These features do not correspond to those of B cells, T cells, myeloid cells, monocytes or macrophages; the morphology and the marker pattern of the culture cells, however, is identical with that of freshly obtained Hodgkin (H)- and Sternberg-Reed (SR)- cells, except for the lack of Clg in the in vitro cells, which is explained by the culture conditions. These findings suggest that the L428 and L439 cell lines are indeed derived from H- and SR-cells and offer the possibility of gaining new information upon the nature of Hodgkin's disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/26. A neoplastic epithelial duct cell line established from an irradiated human salivary gland.Transformed epithelial cells were isolated by using tissue culture techniques from an irradiated human submandibular salivary gland which showed no neoplastic lesion. These cells, carrying colony-forming ability in semisolid agar, formed a semiconfluent monolayer with occasional tubular arrangement. All transformed clones were demonstrated by electron microscopic examination to be only one type of cells having fine structure similar to intercalated duct cells. Of six clones isolated, one clone with stable growth was cultured within the sponge matrix, resulting in formation of duct-like structure with mucinous eosinophilic substance. Moreover, inoculation of the cloned cells into nude mice resulted in a production of adenocarcinoma with solid and trabecular pattern. These findings indicate that a human intercalated duct cell line carrying tumorigenicity is established from a human submandibular salivary gland with an exposure to irradiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/26. Chromosome analysis of a human neuroblastoma.Samplings of tumor cells from a patient with Stage IV neuroblastoma were analyzed for chromosome constitution. Chromosome preparations of the tumor cells from a bone marrow sample were compared to preparations of a solid metastatic tumor after growth in the nude mouse host or followed by culture. Six separate chromosome studies were done. The tumor karyotype demonstrated an overall stability, maintaining the consistent abnormalities of a 1p-, 17, and -22. chromosomes 5 and 9 were also involved in structural abnormalities in sublines of the tumor cells. Double minutes were seen in all preparations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/26. The reaction of giant cell tumors of bone to transplantation into athymic nude mice: including observations on osteoinduction in the host bed.Fresh biopsy specimens of three typical human giant cell tumors (GCT) were transplanted into athymic mice. The transplants were encapsulated in a host bed-derived fibrous connective tissue envelope. Multinucleated giant cells and mononucleated tumor cells survived chiefly on the vascularized surfaces of the inside of the envelope. fibroblasts proliferated and filled the interior of the transplants where vascularization was relatively insufficient. Since mitotic figures were absent in multinucleated cells, the question arises whether only the mononuclear stroma cells are neoplastic in nature. Multinucleated cells occasionally showed endocytosed pyknotic cells, and survived transplantation for as long as 35 days. When the original tumor contained islands of osteoid and bone cells, the transplants induced differentiation of mouse host bed connective tissue into normal new bone, including bone marrow.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/26. pulmonary blastoma. An ultrastructural study of a case and its transplanted tumor in athymic nude mice.A pulmonary blastoma in a 52-year-old Japanese man was serially transplanted into athymic nude mice. This report emphasizes the characteristics of the neoplasm seen on light and electron microscopic examination. The original tumor consisted of branching tubular structures and primitive mesenchymal components with a few smooth-muscle cell bundles, and resembled fetal lung tissue. Electron microscopic examination revealed that the immature stromal cells resembled epithelial cells. After serial passages in nude mice, the stromal element of the tumor disappeared, and the epithelial element showed squamous metaplasia and occasional mucus production. Endocrine-type granules were observed in a few tumor cells. Histogenetic considerations, including a suggestion that the tumor was derived from entodermal cells, are presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = rat (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| <- Previous || Next -> |