1/7. Anti-Ri-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration without opsoclonus in a patient with a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach.We report a case of a 63-year-old man suffering from anti-Ri-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) with gastric cancer. The neurologic presentation was limited to severe cerebellar ataxia without opsoclonus. The gastric cancer was composed of both poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and neuro-endocrine carcinoma. The patient's serum reacted with recombinant Ri antigen and the neuroendocrine tumor component. It is thus considered that PCD without opsoclonus in the present case was related to the gastric neuroendocrine tumor and anti-Ri antibody.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/7. paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration as the first evidence of cancer: a case report.paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is the most frequently seen paraneoplastic syndrome affecting the brain. PCD is most commonly associated with cancers of the ovary, breast, and lung. The anti-Purkinje cell antibodies (anti-Yo) that specifically damage the purkinje cells of the cerebellum are found in the patient's serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The typical presentation of PCD includes limb and truncal ataxia, often along with dysarthria. This report describes the case of a 47-year-old woman without significant medical history who developed new onset of unsteady gait, headache, and vertigo. The imaging studies suggested rhombencephalitis. The patient initially responded to corticosteroid treatment. Unfortunately, her gait ataxia worsened and she developed dysarthria, neither of which responded to increasing dosages of corticosteroids. Extensive imaging studies showed no evidence of tumor, but the patient was found to have positive anti-Yo antibodies and elevated cancer antigen 125 (CA-125). pathology results from exploratory laparotomy revealed stage III C adenocarcinoma of the ovary. This case demonstrates that PCD may be the presenting symptom of an occult malignancy. The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of PCD, and its rehabilitation implications, are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/7. Anti-Yo antibodies and cerebellar degeneration in a man with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.serum antibodies to the Yo antigen are usually associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration arising in female patients with gynecological or breast malignancy and are rarely associated with other tumors. We report a male patient who presented with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti-Yo antibodies following removal of an esophageal adenocarcinoma. This is only the third report of anti-Yo antibodies occurring in a male patient. The Yo antigen was expressed by the esophageal tumor but not in a frontal lobe cerebral metastasis identified at postmortem. Interestingly, CD8 T-cell infiltration was also found in the tumor, but not in the metastasis, consistent with down-regulation of Yo expression by the tumor cells leading to evasion from immune-mediated tumor surveillance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/7. Anti-Yo-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration in a man with gastric adenocarcinoma.paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) with anti-Yo antibodies is almost always associated with ovarian and breast cancer. We describe a man with anti-Yo-positive PCD and gastric adenocarcinoma. The tumor cells were labeled with anti-Yo antibodies by immunohistochemistry. High serum titers of anti-Yo antibodies were found before surgery and decreased 6 months after resection of the tumor. The expression of Yo antigens by the tumor and the decrease in anti-Yo antibody titers after its removal suggest that the immune response against the purkinje cells of the cerebellum was triggered by the tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/7. Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome: patient with anti-Yo antibody and breast cancer: a case report.Presented here is the case of a paraneoplastic cerebral degeneration (PCD) in a female patient with breast cancer and the indication of anti-Yo antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. The patient's primary indications were dizziness and a severe gait ataxia. The indication of anti-Yo antibodies led to the conclusion of the existence of a paraneoplastic cerebral degeneration. The antibodies in question are anti-Purkinje-cell autoantibodies acting against the antigens common to tumor and purkinje cells which occur in association with a certain percentage of breast or ovarian cancers. The diagnosis of the primary tumor, that is clinically undetectable with conventional imaging processes, is performed with the aid of positron emission tomography (PET) to detect the presence of axillary lymph node metastases. The micro-invasive mammary carcinoma was able to be localized with the aid of MR mammography and, after MR mammography marking, was removed. The patient subsequently received adjuvant treatment with epirubicine and cyclophosphamide. This treatment failed to influence the paraneoplastic neurological symptoms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/7. Carbonic anhydrase-related protein VIII: autoantigen in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.serum of a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) and malignant melanoma had a unique reactivity with purkinje cells that was not observed in serum of patients with PCD and other tumors, or with malignant melanoma without paraneoplastic syndromes. The screening of a human cerebellar complementary dna expression library with the patient's serum resulted in the isolation of the CA8 gene. CA8 encodes carbonic anhydrase-related protein (CARP) VIII, preferentially expressed in purkinje cells. The patient had intrathecal synthesis of CARP VIII antibodies. One of seven melanomas tested expressed CARP VIII. These data suggest CARP VIII may be an autoantigen involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma-associated PCD.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/7. paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration: Yo-expressing tumor revealed after a 5-year follow-up with FDG-PET.We report a patient with anti-Yo associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) whose tumor was demonstrated 5 years after developing PCD and had strong expression of Yo (cdr2) antigen. review of this case along with clinical series and studies of tumor growth rates question the effectiveness of the anti-tumor immune response. These studies and similar cases suggest that the tumor may trigger the anti-Yo immune response at microscopic stages of development. An overwhelming majority of anti-Yo positive patients eventually develop a detectable malignancy, which argues in favor of a poorly effective or non-sustained anti-tumor immune response.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |