1/11. One antigen mismatched related donor bone marrow transplant in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and beta-thalassaemia major: potential cure of both marrow disorders.We report a case of a 34-year-old man with T-ALL and beta-thalassaemia major who underwent a one antigen mismatched related donor bone marrow transplant. Five months post transplant chimeric studies revealed full donor haemopoiesis and the patient remains leukaemia and thalassaemia free at 12 months post transplant. Cumulative risk factors contributing to the increased transplant-related mortality in patients with two different marrow disorders are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Bone marrow failure associated with human herpesvirus 8 infection after transplantation.BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection has been linked to the development of Kaposi's sarcoma and to rare lymphoproliferative disorders. methods: We used molecular methods, serologic methods, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemical analyses to study HHV-8 infection in association with nonmalignant illnesses in three patients after transplantation. RESULTS: Primary HHV-8 infections developed in two patients four months after each received a kidney from the same HHV-8-seropositive cadaveric donor. Seroconversion and viremia occurred coincidentally with disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma in one patient and with an acute syndrome of fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia, and marrow failure with plasmacytosis in the other patient. HHV-8 latent nuclear antigen was present in immature progenitor cells from the aplastic marrow of the latter patient. Identification of the highly variable K1 gene sequence of the HHV-8 genome in both the donor's peripheral-blood cells and the recipients' serum confirmed that transmission had occurred. HHV-8 viremia also occurred after autologous peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation in an HHV-8-seropositive patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Reactivation of the infection was associated with the development of fever and marrow aplasia with plasmacytosis; there was no evidence of other infections. HHV-8 transcripts and latent nuclear antigen were expressed in the aplastic marrow but not in two normal marrow samples obtained before transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Primary HHV-8 infection and reactivation of infection may be associated with nonneoplastic complications in immunosuppressed patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.4keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Bone marrow granulomas in acute myeloid leukaemia following interleukin 2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells.Granulomas are thought to represent an immune reaction to antigenic stimulation. Bone marrow granulomas are uncommon, but in the following case report we show their transient appearance after interleukin 2 (IL-2) and autologous lymphokine-activated killer cell therapy. This is a previously unreported association, and may implicate IL-2 in the pathogenesis of granulomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Bone marrow cryptococcosis: a case report.A 35-year-old male presented with fever and bilateral cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood film examination revealed thrombocytopaenia. Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy, done for evaluation of thrombocytopaenia and pyrexia showed presence of ill-defined granulomas along with cryptococcal yeast forms. Fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes, cerebrospinal fluid and sputum analyses also showed cryptococci. ELISA for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antigen was positive. Granulomas, when found in bone marrow aspiration smears and trephine biopsy, are a valuable histological clue to an opportunistic infection. Disseminated fungal infection such as cryptococcosis should raise the possibility of immunosuppression, especially acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. bone marrow examination is a useful method of diagnosing opportunistic fungal and mycobacterial infections in patients with fever, anaemia or thrombocytopaenia and underlying HIV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. lymphoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.BACKGROUND: A 40-year-old woman with a 10-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with fever, lymphadenopathy and fatigue. Before that time, her SLE symptoms had been controlled with hydroxychloroquine, NSAIDs, and an occasional short course of moderate-dose prednisone. Two months before presentation, she experienced fevers ranging from 38.3 to 39.7 degrees C, but she had no specific symptoms that suggested local infection. INVESTIGATIONS: physical examination, multiple blood cultures, and laboratory investigations that included the following tests: hemoglobin concentration; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; c-reactive protein level; serum lactate dehydrogenase level; aspartate aminotransferase level; alanine aminotransferase level; serum complement c3 and C4 levels; white-blood-cell count; platelet count; urinalysis; serum creatinine level; CT of the chest and abdomen; bone-marrow biopsy; serum electrophoresis; and tests for Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, hiv-1, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to Smith antigen, antibodies to double-stranded dna, and antibodies to Ro and La. diagnosis: Stage IVB diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with marrow and liver involvement concurrent with SLE. MANAGEMENT: The patient promptly underwent chemotherapy, receiving three courses of 3 mg/m(2) vindesine on day 1, 1,500 mg/m(2) cyclophosphamide and 80 mg/m(2) doxorubicin on day 2, and 50 mg/m(2) prednisolone on days 1-5.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Gastric carcinoma metastatic to the bone marrow: immunoperoxidase identification of KMO-1 antigen in MGG-destained aspirate.A case is presented that illustrates the application of the immunoperoxidase technique to the May-Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG)-destained bone marrow aspirate. The cytologic findings in a MGG-stained smear of the bone marrow suggested a metastatic epithelial tumor. Subsequently, a positive reaction to KMO-1, a monoclonal antibody raised against a colon carcinoma cell line, was demonstrated in tumor cells in the MGG-destained smear sample as well as in the paraffin-embedded section of the primary gastric cancer. The demonstration of the cancer-associated antigen in the MGG-destained material may be useful in establishing the diagnosis of metastatic tumor in the bone marrow.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Fatal cyclophosphamide-induced congestive heart failure in a 10-year-old boy with Shwachman-diamond syndrome and severe bone marrow failure treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.A 10-year-old boy with Shwachman-diamond syndrome and severe bone marrow failure was treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide, busulfan, and antithymocyte globulin followed by an infusion of human leukocyte antigen-identical, mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) non-reactive sibling bone marrow. He developed cardiac arrhythmias and intractable hypotension and died on day 23 posttransplant. autopsy findings were consistent with cyclophosphamide-induced pancarditis. The bone marrow showed signs of early engraftment. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may be a treatment alternative for Shwachman-diamond syndrome with severe bone marrow failure. However, fatal posttransplant pancarditis due to doses of cyclophosphamide not usually associated with cardiac death may be an unanticipated problem. Further trials of bone marrow transplantation as therapy for this syndrome may be warranted, perhaps using lower doses of cyclophosphamide or substituting for it other immunosuppressive and myelosuppressive agents.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Immunoblastic peripheral T-cell lymphoma confined to bone marrow in an infant presenting with aspergillosis.A 16-month-old female infant presenting with pancytopenia and fever was found to have pulmonary aspergillosis and large-cell immunoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of peripheral post-thymic origin isolated to bone marrow. Extensive noninvasive evaluations failed to demonstrate the disease in other extramedullary sites. The malignant cells were large and polymorphous; lacked terminal transferase; expressed surface CD-2, CD-3, CD-8, and hla-dr antigens, and showed rearrangements of the T-cell-receptor beta-chain gene. To our knowledge, this type of lymphoma in an infant has not been reported before. Furthermore, aspergillosis is a rare presenting feature in patients with lymphoproliferative disease. In our case, it may reflect an underlying immune deficiency associated with the transformation and proliferation of a suppressor T cell.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. antibodies to granulocyte precursors in selective myeloid hypoplasia and other suspected autoimmune neutropenias: use of hl-60 cells as targets.patients with syndromes of autoantibody-mediated hematocytopenias may manifest signs of increased cell destruction and/or decreased cell production, depending on the maturity of the target cell and the effects of antibody binding. The purpose of this study was to use a cultured human cell line of hematopoietic origin for in vitro assays of antibody binding to overcome the relative inaccessibility of natural human marrow progenitor cells. This report describes the detection, using radioiodinated staphylococcal protein a (SPA), of antibodies binding to a human promyelocytic cell line (HL-60) in sera from three patients with chronic idiopathic granulocytic hypoplasia ("pure white cell aplasia," PWCA) and 22 patients with other syndromes of suspected immune neutropenia. Bone marrow from patients with increased IgG binding to hl-60 cells showed less than 15% granulocytic lineage cellularity in 11 of 17 cases. in vitro differentiation of hl-60 cells by retinoic acid resulted in increased IgG binding for sera that had shown increased IgG binding to mature granulocytes but not undifferentiated hl-60 cells; in contrast, for sera with antibodies to untreated hl-60 cells and for normal serum, in vitro differentiation had little effect on IgG binding. antibodies eluted from mature granulocytes were similar to the parent serum regarding the ratio of IgG binding to mature cells v hl-60 cells. No sera from 19 patients with febrile transfusion reactions showed increased IgG binding to hl-60 cells in the absence of increased IgG binding to mature granulocytes, although two sera had antibodies to both cell types. The use of hl-60 cells as targets may permit measurement of serum antibodies associated with granulocytic hypoplasia. In combination with assays to detect antibody binding to mature granulocytes, these techniques may discriminate among autoantibody specificities for antigens that are gained, conserved, or lost during myeloid maturation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. C-group chromosome abnormalities in bone marrow cells of three children with dyshematopoiesis of unknown origin.Clinical and cytogenetic findings in three children with dyshaematopoiesis and bone marrow aneuploidy are described. monosomy 7 was found in immature cells of one 10-year-old boy with myelofibrosis following a 3 years evolution of severe thrombocytopenia and anaemia. trisomy 8 was found in 80% of the bone marrow metaphases of a 5 1/2-year-old girl with aplastic anaemia and australia antigen positivity. During a 3 year observation period the number of cells with trisomy 8 regressed and eventually disappeared. Improvement of her clinical condition is present but still limited. trisomy 8 was also found in all bone marrow cells of an 8-year-old girl with an undefined myeloproliferative disorder. Her disease was apparently related to collagen-vascular disorders like periarteritis or other necrotizing angiitis and presented with periods of exacerbation and periods of chronic evolution. Periods of exacerbation were accompanied by excessive myeloid proliferation. Repeated bone marrow cytogenetic analysis during the acute and chronic phases showed trisomy 8 in all the metaphases analysed. During the last episode of acute illness, further clonal evolution was observed, characterized by a translocation (8;17).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |