1/17. Acute primary chlamydia trachomatis infection in male adolescents after their first sexual contact.BACKGROUND: chlamydia trachomatis infection occurs primarily among youth sexually active persons. Few studies have evaluated the kinetics of markers of infection in male adolescents after their first sexual contact. DESIGN: Primary C trachomitis infection in 4 young male adolescents after their first sexual contact was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction and antigen detection in sequential first voiding urine and urethral specimens, respectively. Serial serum samples were assessed for the presence of specific IgA and IgG antibodies. RESULTS: Both polymerase chain reaction and antigen detection correctly identified all cases of primary C trachomatis infection. The polymerase chain reaction method was, however, an earlier marker of infection. Three patients were seronegative at presentation. Two of these subsequently seroconverted to either IgA or IgG, while the third remains seronegative. The time interval from onset of symptoms to seroconversion ranged from 10 to 25 days. CONCLUSIONS: Although polymerase chain reaction and antigen and serologic detection have previously been described in primary C trachomatis infection, this report documents the variability of these markers during the first phase of infection in non-sexually active young male adolescents. C trachomatis can be acquired by male adolescents after their first sexual contact; however, there is a prolonged period when the patient is seronegative, yet infections can occur.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/17. Reiter's syndrome associated with HLA-B51.A 22-year-old Japanese man developed polyarthritis with fever and urethritis. He was diagnosed as Reiter's syndrome since he was found to have uveitis and persistent aseptic pyuria. Although, he was negative for HLA-B27 or any other HLA-B27 cross-reactive MHC class I antigens, he was positive for HLA-B51. The laboratory examination showed significant elevation of serum IgG and IgA anti-Chlamydia antibodies. He was successfully treated with a combination of doxycycline, naproxen, salazosulfapyridine and methotrexate with a decrease in IgG and IgA anti-Chlamydia antibodies. Previous studies provided evidence that HLA-B51 itself might be involved in the development of Behcet's disease, which shares common features with Reiter's syndrome, such as uveitis, skin lesions, and polyarthritis. It is therefore suggested that combination of Chlamydia infection and HLA-B51 might play a role in the pathogenesis of Reiter's syndrome in our patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/17. Reversal of intra-amniotic chlamydia trachomatis antigen status.chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in pregnant women is related to unfavorable obstetric outcomes such as prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, and stillbirth. A 22-year-old woman underwent transabdominal amniocentesis at 16 weeks of gestation (GW). A CT antigen test using polymerase chain reaction in the amniotic fluid was found to be positive, though the patient had no symptom of infection. Beginning at 20 GW, clarithromycin was orally administered at a dose of 400 mg/day for 2 weeks. The CT antigen test in amniotic fluid at 28 GW turned to a negative result. A female baby was vaginally born at 38 GW by spontaneous labor. The CT antigen test of her gastric contents showed a negative result and anti-CT IgM in umbilical cord blood was negative. Neither respiratory distress, pneumonia, nor conjunctivitis was detected. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report showing the reversal of the intra-amniotic CT antigen status by antibiotic treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.6666666666667keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/17. Chlamydia pneumoniae respiratory infection in a child--a case report.A case of respiratory infection in a child due to Chlamydia pneumoniae is reported. The diagnosis was made by the detection of chlamydial antigen in the tracheal secretion and a significant increase in C. pneumoniae antibody titre. The infection responded well to erythromycin therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/17. HLA-DP restricted chlamydia trachomatis specific synovial fluid T cell clones in Chlamydia induced Reiter's disease.synovial fluid (SF) mononuclear cells from a patient with chlamydia trachomatis induced acute Reiter's disease were directly by limiting dilution in a representative protocol using phytohemagglutinin in the cloning medium. Out of 76 alpha beta-TCR CD4 T lymphocyte clones, 7 were shown to specifically recognize C. trachomatis in a proliferation assay. The antigen recognition of these clones was HLA-DP restricted. Unexpectedly, 2 HLA-DR restricted clones showed a proliferative response to yersinia enterocolitica O3, though the patient had no history of yersinia infection. The high frequency of SF derived T cells with specificity for species-specific chlamydial antigens and the limited diversity of HLA class II restriction of these clones may indicate an oligoclonal synovial T cell response to persistent intraarticular chlamydia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/17. A family outbreak of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection.Chlamydia pneumoniae, a newly described Chlamydia species, has been shown to be a cause of acute respiratory tract infection in both adults and children, but its role in human infection is still under investigation. Here we present a family outbreak of C. pneumoniae infection where three members of a family presented with a 'flu-like illness' and acute upper respiratory tract infection which did not improve despite penicillin or septrin therapy. No history of exposure to birds, pets or animals was obtained. As C. pneumoniae isolation from respiratory secretions is not without difficulty, diagnosis usually relies currently on serum-based tests. In this study C. pneumoniae specific IgM determined by the micro-immunofluorescence test was detected in the three clinical cases. All three cases had an elevated complement-fixing antibody titre to psittacosis-LGV antigen, which may have suggested psittacosis, if type-specific tests had not been performed. In addition, three other members of the family had C. pneumoniae-specific IgG antibody although specific IgM was absent. These three younger members of the family had been symptomatic in the month preceding symptoms in their older sibling and their parents. All the symptomatic members of the family made a complete recovery on tetracycline therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/17. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in a patient with Chlamydia pneumoniae infection: a possibility of superantigenic mechanism of its pathogenesis.Herein we describe a case of a patient with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis after Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. An 88-year-old woman who had had C. pneumoniae infection two months previously was admitted to our hospital with complaints of dyspnea and generalized edema. Laboratory tests revealed acute renal failure, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, highly increased level of c-reactive protein, and hematoproteinuria. A renal biopsy revealed mesangial and endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescents. She responded to high-dose steroids, cyclophosphamide, minocycline, and plasma exchange treatment with the remission of oliguric renal failure. The percentage of the subset of CD3 TCR Vbeta11 cells markedly increased to 9.6% (normal range: < 1.04%) at the onset of the disease and decreased to 0.1% after the treatment. These clinicopathological features were similar to those of superantigen-associated glomerulonephritis after methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection. We suggest that the superantigenic mechanism is one of the possible pathomechanisms of this glomerulonephritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/17. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome: three cases confirmed by laparoscopy.There were 3 cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome,--pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) complications and perihepatitis,--caused by chlamydia trachomatis infection. All 3 patients complained of sudden right upper quadrant pain in addition to PID symptoms. Enzyme immunoassay of uterine cervical specimens revealed that the positive chlamydial antigen and serum antibody titer against anti-chlamydia trachomatis were also high. In all cases the laparoscopy revealed findings of perihepatitis on the anterior surface of the right hepatic lobe. In 2 cases, typical violin-string adhesions were also observed between the liver capsule and parietal peritoneum. In both cases, adhesiolysis was conducted during the laparoscopy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/17. False positive results with the use of chlamydial antigen detection tests in the evaluation of suspected sexual abuse in children.The presence of rectal or genital infection with chlamydia trachomatis in children is frequently considered an indicator of sexual abuse. The diagnosis of chlamydial infection in these children has been complicated by the use of antigen detection methods instead of culture. We report five cases in which the use of chlamydial antigen detection tests in the evaluation of suspected child abuse gave false positive results. An enzyme immunoassay was used in two cases (Chlamydiazyme; Abbott Diagnostics) and a direct fluorescent antibody test was used in the remaining three cases (Microtrak; Syva). The sites examined were the urethra, vagina and rectum. In all cases chlamydial cultures obtained several days later with no interim antibiotic therapy were negative. Four of the five children examined were probably victims of sexual abuse. The enzyme immunoassay and direct fluorescent antibody tests have been evaluated primarily for urethral and cervical cultures from adults; neither test has been approved or evaluated for rectal or genital sites in children. At these sites use of both tests may be associated with a large proportion of false positives caused by contamination with fecal flora which can cross-react with the antibodies used in the test. These tests also have limited utility in populations where the prevalence of chlamydial infection is low (less than 10%), as has been reported for sexually abused children. Because of the medicolegal implications only "gold standard" methods (i.e. culture) performed by a competent laboratory should be used in evaluating chlamydial infection in sexually abused children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/17. pneumonia associated with the TWAR strain of Chlamydia.From November 1981 to August 1984, 301 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia were admitted to the major referral hospital of nova scotia. Serologic tests done on these patients included microimmunofluorescence using the TWAR strain of Chlamydia and all chlamydia trachomatis serovars as antigens. The TWAR strain has been shown to cause mild pneumonia in teenagers and young adults. Of the 301 patients, 18 (6%) had serologic evidence of recent infection with the TWAR organism. Their mean age was 64 years. pneumonia associated with the presence of acute TWAR antibody had no characteristic clinical or radiographic features when compared with pneumonia without acute chlamydia antibody. Six patients, who all had preexisting serious chronic disease, had severe illness, and 2 died. Both patients who died had complicated hospital courses and other concomitant infections. We conclude that the TWAR organism may cause pneumonia in older adults and persons with chronic diseases that require hospitalization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |