1/9. The correlation of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 with benign hydronephrosis.PURPOSE: High serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in patients with hydronephrosis but without malignant disease is reportedly rare but to our knowledge the clinical features of hydronephrosis that affect this level have not yet been clarified. We examined the correlation of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 with hydronephrosis status in patients with benign hydronephrosis. MATERIALS AND methods: We used 123 serum samples from 68 patients with and 55 without hydronephrosis. All patients enrolled in this study had no malignant disease. serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 was measured by immunoradiometric assay and that level was correlated with clinical factors. RESULTS: serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in patients with hydronephrosis was significantly higher than in those without hydronephrosis (p <0.0001). The serum level was elevated to greater than 37 units per ml. in 25% of the patients with but in only 1.8% of those without hydronephrosis. In the hydronephrosis group the clinical features that significantly correlated with the increased serum level were bilateral hydronephrosis, urinary tract infection, proteinuria, increased serum blood urea nitrogen, severe urinary tract occlusion and high grade hydronephrosis. CONCLUSIONS: serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 was significantly elevated in patients with benign hydronephrosis. hydronephrosis causes false-positive results when screening for malignant disease by serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 measurement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/9. Urinary tract infection due to a mucoid (M) form of salmonella. A "new" transformation from M form into T1 form.An eighty-year-old patient suffering from prostatic hypertrophy developed cystitis associated with fever, macrohematuria and significant bacteriuria. In urine cultures, growth of a mucoid (M) form of salmonella was seen which changed into a T1 form after having been stored at room temperature or passed through U tubes. While the M form did not agglutinate in salmonella O and H antisera, H antigens of the T1 form could be identified as l,v and 1.7. The isolate was therefore designated S.I M T1:l,v:1.7. To date, no such M-T1 variation has been described. For diagnostic and epidemiologic purposes salmonella M forms should be transformed into the N form or a T form (as in our case), because it is possible to demonstrate O or T and H antigens in these forms. The method of transformation and the pathogenesis of urinary excretion of salmonellae are briefly described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/9. cytomegalovirus infection of the graft duodenum and urinary bladder after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of morbidity after solid organ transplantation. We report a case of CMV infection involving the transplanted duodenum that developed after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. The patient, a 30-year-old woman with insulin-dependent diabetes undergoing hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure, received a simultaneous cadaveric pancreas-kidney transplantation. The exocrine secretion was diverted using bladder drainage. immunosuppression was maintained by a combination of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids together with OKT3 induction. Both the donor and the recipient were serologically positive for CMV IgG CMV prophylaxis consisted of a short course of parenteral gancyclovir. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 39 with normal pancreas and kidney function. She presented 2 months after transplantation with hematuria. Cystoscopic pancreas allograft biopsy specimens showed evidence of tissue invasive CMV infection in the graft duodenum and bladder. The CMV antigenemia test was positive. At 4 months after transplantation, the patient underwent surgery with the diagnosis of acute abdomen. The surgical findings consisted of a diffuse acute purulent peritonitis due to perforation of the duodenal graft. We sutured the perforation with nonreabsorbable material. The CMV antigenemia test was negative. Eight days later, the patient developed massive hematuria. At surgery, the graft was removed. The patient was discharged from the hospital with normal renal function. Pathological study of the removed graft showed the duodenal segment to have multiple wide ulcers with CMV inclusions in epithelial cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/9. Acquired B antigen and polyagglutination in a patient with gastric cancer.erythrocytes from a patient with blood type of A1 became nongenetically reactive with A (anti-B) serum, following the development of gastric cancer. Transient polyagglutinability was also apparent. The in vitro acetylation of the erythrocyte antigens abolished both the acquired B antigen and the polyagglutination. Although incubation of the heterologous type A1 erythrocytes with the patient's serum did not produce B antigen, deacetylase activity in the serum seems to relate to the acquired B antigen. In this case, either ileus as a result of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach, or urinary tract infections could be the cause of the acquired B antigen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.9keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/9. Pigeon and dove eggwhite protect mice against renal infection due to P fimbriated Escherichia coli.Pigeon and dove eggwhite exhibit high level P1 antigenic activity and are potent and specific inhibitors of adherence mediated by P fimbriae of uropathogenic escherichia coli. To evaluate pigeon and dove eggwhite as P fimbrial receptor analogues in the prevention of ascending renal infection, mice were challenged with a P fimbriated E. coli urosepsis isolate suspended in saline alone or in saline plus various inhibitors of adherence, including D-mannose, globoside, and chicken, dove, and pigeon eggwhite. D-mannose inhibited mannose-sensitive adherence but not P fimbrial adherence, and failed to prevent renal infection. Globoside and chicken eggwhite also failed to inhibit P fimbrial adherence; chicken eggwhite had little and globoside had no impact on renal infection. In contrast, dove and pigeon eggwhite eliminated P fimbrial adherence and significantly reduced the incidence and intensity of renal infection. These findings suggest that pigeon and dove eggwhite provide P1-antigen-specific protection against ascending renal infection in mice due to P fimbriated uropathogenic E. coli.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/9. Reiter's syndrome in an adolescent girl.This report describes a 14-year-old girl who presented with an Escherichia coli urinary tract infection followed by diarrhoea, arthritis and iritis. She had continuing symptoms intermittently for six months, but was hla-b27 antigen negative. The occurrence of Reiter's syndrome is unusual in young females and we are not aware of any reports of reactive arthritis following E. coli urinary tract infection in children.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/9. Renal parenchymal malakoplakia--a case report and review of the literature.Malakoplakia is an inflammatory condition associated with persisting bacterial antigen in macrophages and characterized histologically by the Michaelis-Gutmann body, containing bacterial fragments. We review the pathogenesis of malakoplakia and report a novel form of treatment successfully used in an 8-week-old infant with bilateral renal malakoplakia. The patient presented with an acute Escherichia coli urinary tract infection and enlarged kidneys. Antibiotic regimes were ineffective, but once the diagnosis was made treatment was changed to an immunosuppressive regime of prednisolone and azathioprine, to which she responded promptly. Renal malakoplakia should be considered in any patient with a urinary tract infection unresponsive to antibiotics and enlarged kidneys. Although a large proportion of patients with malakoplakia have an underlying systemic disorder, which may account for their abnormal macrophage function, the rest demonstrate either an isolated macrophage defect or no detectable anomaly at all. It is in this latter group we suggest that an immunomodulating regime can be curative.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/9. Evaluation of plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan measurement by the kinetic turbidimetric limulus test, for the clinical diagnosis of mycotic infections.The present multicentre clinical study was conducted to assess the clinical utility of a new diagnostic method for deep mycosis in which (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, a fungal cell wall component existing in plasma, was quantitatively measured by the kinetic turbidimetric limulus test (WB003). plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan concentrations were 0.57 /- 0.10 microgram/l in 92 healthy subjects and 0.62 /- 0.32 microgram/l in 26 patients with non-mycotic diseases (disease control group). In comparison with these healthy subjects and patients with non-mycotic diseases, patients with mycosis had significantly higher plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan concentrations: 19.63 /- 73.28 micrograms/l in 12 patients with candidaemia, 11.28 /- 21.42 micrograms/l in 7 patients with urinary candida infection, 4.84 /- 12.71 micrograms/l in 5 patients with pulmonary candidiasis, and 12.21 /- 31.31 micrograms/l in 4 patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. On the statistical analysis of these data, a cut-off value was set at 1.0 microgram/l. Using this cut-off value, 3 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis and 4 patients (4/6) with pulmonary aspergilloma were all negative with low plasma (1-->3-beta-D-glucan levels. The test WB003 provided equivalent or higher efficiency of diagnosis of candidiasis and aspergillosis, in comparison with commercially available antigen detection kits, demonstrating its utility as a diagnostic reagent. It may also be useful in assessing therapeutic effectiveness when used periodically after treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.1keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/9. Clinical significance of urinary carcino-embryonic antigen estimations during the follow-up of patients with bladder carcinoma or previous bladder carcinoma. Clinical evaluation of carcino-embryonic antigen, III.Urinary carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) was measured in a follow-up study of 101 bladder carcinoma patients. Urinary CEA estimation during follow-up appears to be of clinical value. Negative results can be interpreted only in relation to previously increased values. Positive results are of value in retrospect when combined with negative data, e.g. in evaluation of suspicious bladder changes and as an early indication of renewed tumour growth. Increased CEA levels in urines from patients with urinary infection rapidly decline once the infection is cured.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.9keywords = antigen (Clic here for more details about this article) |